TSLP Gene - Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin
A key epithelial cytokine in allergic inflammation and immune regulation
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | TSLP |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 5q22.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 85480 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/85480 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000145777 |
| UniProt ID | Q969D9 |
| OMIM ID | 607003 |
| HGNC ID | 18387 |
| Aliases | Thymic stromal lymphopoietin; TSLP |
Description
The TSLP gene encodes thymic stromal lymphopoietin, a cytokine belonging to the IL-2 family. It is primarily expressed by epithelial cells at barrier surfaces (skin, lung, gut) and plays a critical role in driving type 2 immune responses. TSLP signals through a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of IL-7Rα and TSLPR, activating STAT5 and downstream pathways that promote dendritic cell maturation, T helper 2 (Th2) cell differentiation, and allergic inflammation. TSLP is implicated in asthma, atopic dermatitis, and other allergic diseases, and is a target for biologic therapies.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Asthma | TSLP promotes Th2 inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness, and eosinophilia | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Atopic dermatitis | Overexpression in skin lesions drives pruritus and Th2-mediated inflammation | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Allergic rhinitis | Elevated TSLP in nasal mucosa correlates with disease severity | ClinVar |
| Eosinophilic esophagitis | TSLP variants increase susceptibility and esophageal eosinophilia | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Cancer (e.g., breast, pancreatic) | TSLP may promote tumor immune evasion and metastasis | COSMIC, literature |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Lung | 1.2 | Low |
| Skin | 2.5 | Medium |
| Gastrointestinal tract | 1.8 | Low |
| Thymus | 0.8 | Low |
| Bone marrow | 0.5 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| A549 (lung epithelial) | 0.3 | Low baseline; inducible by IL-4/IL-13 |
| HaCaT (keratinocyte) | 1.5 | Inducible by TNF-α/IL-17 |
| BEAS-2B (bronchial epithelial) | 0.2 | Low; inducible by allergens |
| HCT116 (colon epithelial) | 0.1 | Very low |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| rs1837253 | SNP (intronic) | ~20% allele frequency | Associated with reduced asthma risk |
| rs3806933 | SNP (promoter) | ~30% allele frequency | Associated with increased TSLP expression and asthma susceptibility |
| c.340C>T (p.Arg114Trp) | Missense | Rare | Potential loss-of-function; not well characterized |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1Val) | Start codon loss | Rare | Likely loss-of-function; not confirmed |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Rare missense or truncating variants that impair TSLP secretion or receptor binding, leading to reduced Th2 responses.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Promoter SNPs (e.g., rs3806933) that increase TSLP expression, enhancing allergic inflammation.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No known dominant-negative mutations reported.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • cytokine activity | • growth factor activity |
| • extracellular space | • immune response |
| • positive regulation of T cell proliferation | • positive regulation of inflammatory response |
Pathways
• TSLP signaling pathway
• Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
• Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation
• IL-7 signaling
Protein Summary
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a 159-amino acid cytokine with a four-helix bundle structure. It is produced as a short and long isoform, with the long form being the predominant active cytokine. TSLP binds to a heterodimeric receptor (IL-7Rα and TSLPR) and activates JAK/STAT signaling, particularly STAT5, to induce dendritic cell activation and Th2 polarization. TSLP is a key mediator of epithelial-immune crosstalk and is a therapeutic target in allergic diseases.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TSLPR Overexpression Reh Stable Cell Line | EDJ-GQ84 | Human | 64109 | Details Get a Quote |
| TSLP Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ541 | Human | 85480 | Details Get a Quote |
| TSLP Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ57727 | Human | 85480 | Details Get a Quote |
| TSLP Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ66224 | Human | 85480 | Details Get a Quote |
| TSLP Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ74646 | Human | 85480 | Details Get a Quote |
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