RARRES2
Retinoic Acid Receptor Responder 2 (Chemerin)
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | RARRES2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Retinoic Acid Receptor Responder 2 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 7q36.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 5919 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5919 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000106538 |
| UniProt ID | Q99969 |
| OMIM ID | 601973 |
| HGNC ID | 9868 |
| Aliases | TIG2, RARRES2, chemerin |
Description
RARRES2 (retinoic acid receptor responder 2) encodes chemerin, a secreted chemoattractant protein that regulates adipocyte differentiation, immune cell recruitment, and metabolic homeostasis. Chemerin acts via the G protein-coupled receptor CMKLR1 (ChemR23) and is implicated in inflammation, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and several cancers.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Obesity | Elevated chemerin levels correlate with increased adiposity and insulin resistance; promotes adipogenesis and inflammation. | NCBI Gene, OMIM |
| Type 2 Diabetes | Chemerin impairs insulin signaling in skeletal muscle and liver; associated with hyperglycemia. | NCBI Gene, OMIM |
| Cardiovascular Disease | Chemerin promotes endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and atherosclerosis. | NCBI Gene, OMIM |
| Psoriasis | Chemerin recruits plasmacytoid dendritic cells and T cells to skin lesions. | NCBI Gene, OMIM |
| Cancer (multiple types) | Chemerin can promote or inhibit tumor growth depending on context; altered expression in breast, colorectal, and melanoma. | COSMIC, NCBI Gene |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | 45.2 | High |
| Liver | 12.8 | Medium |
| Lung | 8.5 | Medium |
| Placenta | 6.3 | Low |
| Heart | 4.1 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HepG2 | 18.7 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line |
| 3T3-L1 (adipocyte) | 52.3 | Differentiated adipocytes |
| MCF7 | 2.1 | Breast cancer cell line |
| A549 | 7.4 | Lung adenocarcinoma cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | missense | <0.01% | Potential loss of start codon; functional impact unknown |
| c.154C>T (p.Arg52Trp) | missense | <0.01% | Rare variant; may alter protein stability |
| c.331G>A (p.Gly111Ser) | missense | <0.01% | Rare; no known disease association |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No well-characterized loss-of-function mutations reported in RARRES2.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations described.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations known.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • chemoattractant activity | • G protein-coupled receptor binding |
| • extracellular space | • positive regulation of cell migration |
| • positive regulation of inflammatory response | • adiponectin secretion |
Pathways
• GPCR signaling (CMKLR1)
• Adipocytokine signaling pathway
• Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels
Protein Summary
Chemerin (RARRES2) is a 163-amino-acid secreted protein synthesized as a preproprotein. Proteolytic cleavage generates active chemerin isoforms that bind CMKLR1 (ChemR23) to recruit immune cells and modulate adipocyte function. It is highly expressed in adipose tissue and liver, with lower levels in lung, placenta, and heart. Chemerin levels are elevated in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, and altered expression is observed in several cancers.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RARRES2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1942 | Human | 5919 | Details Get a Quote |
| RARRES2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ21877 | Human | 5919 | Details Get a Quote |
| RARRES2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62792 | Human | 5919 | Details Get a Quote |
| RARRES2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71257 | Human | 5919 | Details Get a Quote |
Displaying Records 1 To 4 Of 4 Records
