TUT4 (Terminal Uridylyl Transferase 4)
TUT4: A Key Regulator of microRNA and Histone mRNA Processing
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | TUT4 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Terminal Uridylyl Transferase 4 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 1p32.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 23318 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/23318 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000117519 |
| UniProt ID | Q5TAX3 |
| OMIM ID | 617132 |
| HGNC ID | 28973 |
| Aliases | ZCCHC11, PAPD3, TUTase4 |
Description
TUT4 (Terminal Uridylyl Transferase 4), also known as ZCCHC11, encodes a zinc finger CCHC domain-containing protein that functions as a terminal uridylyl transferase. It adds uridine residues to the 3' end of RNA molecules, playing a critical role in microRNA (miRNA) regulation, histone mRNA processing, and RNA stability. TUT4 is involved in the uridylation of pre-let-7 miRNA, leading to its degradation, and also modifies histone mRNAs to regulate their expression during the cell cycle.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer (various types) | TUT4 overexpression promotes tumorigenesis by suppressing tumor-suppressive miRNAs like let-7, leading to increased cell proliferation and invasion. | COSMIC, PubMed |
| Developmental disorders | Mutations in TUT4 may disrupt miRNA regulation, affecting developmental pathways. | ClinVar, OMIM |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Testis | 12.3 | Medium |
| Bone marrow | 8.7 | Medium |
| Lymph node | 7.1 | Low |
| Brain | 5.2 | Low |
| Liver | 3.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | 10.5 | High expression |
| HeLa | 8.9 | Moderate expression |
| K562 | 7.3 | Moderate expression |
| MCF7 | 6.1 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1234C>T (p.Arg412Trp) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional effect |
| c.567_568insA (p.Glu190fs) | Frameshift | <0.01% | Likely loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Frameshift mutations (e.g., p.Glu190fs) are predicted to cause loss of uridylyl transferase activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well characterized; overexpression in cancer may indicate gain-of-function effects.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not reported.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • RNA uridylyltransferase activity | • zinc ion binding |
| • nucleus | • cytoplasm |
| • miRNA processing | • histone mRNA catabolic process |
Pathways
• let-7 miRNA regulation
• Histone mRNA 3' end processing
• RNA surveillance
Protein Summary
TUT4 is a 1646-amino acid protein containing a CCHC zinc finger domain and a nucleotidyltransferase domain. It catalyzes the addition of uridine tails to RNA substrates, particularly pre-let-7 miRNA and histone mRNAs. This activity regulates miRNA stability and histone expression, impacting cell proliferation and differentiation. TUT4 is localized in both the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TUT4 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ7962 | Human | 23318 | Details Get a Quote |
| TUT4 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ32315 | Human | 23318 | Details Get a Quote |
| TUT4 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ33648 | Human | 23318 | Details Get a Quote |
| TUT4 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ33649 | Human | 23318 | Details Get a Quote |
