TOB2: Transducer of ERBB2, 2
A gene encoding a member of the TOB/BTG family of anti-proliferative proteins involved in cell cycle regulation and tumor suppression.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | TOB2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Transducer of ERBB2, 2 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 22q13.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 10768 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10768 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000100290 |
| UniProt ID | Q14116 |
| OMIM ID | 605996 |
| HGNC ID | 11981 |
| Aliases | TOB4, TROB2, APRO5 |
Description
TOB2 (Transducer of ERBB2, 2) is a protein-coding gene belonging to the TOB/BTG family of anti-proliferative proteins. It functions as a negative regulator of cell cycle progression by inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinase activity and modulating transcription. TOB2 interacts with ERBB2 and other signaling molecules to suppress cell growth and promote differentiation. Its expression is frequently downregulated in various cancers, suggesting a tumor suppressor role.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Breast cancer | Downregulation of TOB2 leads to loss of growth suppression, promoting ERBB2-driven proliferation. | PMID: 15626734 |
| Prostate cancer | Reduced TOB2 expression correlates with increased cell proliferation and poor prognosis. | PMID: 19165225 |
| Lung cancer | TOB2 silencing via promoter methylation contributes to tumorigenesis. | PMID: 21573172 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain | 12.5 | Medium |
| Lung | 8.3 | Low |
| Breast | 15.7 | Medium |
| Prostate | 10.1 | Low |
| Colon | 9.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| MCF7 (breast cancer) | 14.2 | Moderate expression |
| PC3 (prostate cancer) | 7.5 | Low expression |
| A549 (lung cancer) | 6.1 | Low expression |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 18.9 | High expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.256G>A (p.Gly86Arg) | Missense | <0.1% | Unknown functional impact |
| c.421C>T (p.Arg141Trp) | Missense | <0.1% | Reported in COSMIC; potential loss of function |
| c.523_524insA | Frameshift | <0.1% | Predicted loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Frameshift and nonsense mutations are predicted to cause loss of anti-proliferative activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations described.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • protein binding (GO:0005515) | • nucleus (GO:0005634) |
| • cytoplasm (GO:0005737) | • negative regulation of cell proliferation (GO:0008285) |
| • negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066) |
Pathways
• ERBB2 signaling pathway
• Cell cycle regulation (G1/S transition)
• p53 signaling pathway
Protein Summary
The TOB2 protein is a 344-amino acid member of the TOB/BTG family. It contains an N-terminal APRO domain essential for anti-proliferative activity and a C-terminal domain involved in protein-protein interactions. TOB2 binds to ERBB2 and other receptors, inhibiting cell cycle progression by suppressing cyclin D1 and CDK4/6 activity. It also interacts with transcription factors to regulate gene expression. Post-translational modifications include phosphorylation, which modulates its stability and function.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TOB2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ7161 | Human | 10766 | Details Get a Quote |
| TOB2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ32070 | Human | 10766 | Details Get a Quote |
| TOB2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ32071 | Human | 10766 | Details Get a Quote |
| TOB2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ32072 | Human | 10766 | Details Get a Quote |
