TNFSF10 (TNF Superfamily Member 10)
Key regulator of apoptosis via TRAIL signaling
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | TNFSF10 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | TNF Superfamily Member 10 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 3q26.31 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 8743 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8743 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000121858 |
| UniProt ID | P50591 |
| OMIM ID | 603598 |
| HGNC ID | 11925 |
| Aliases | TRAIL, APO2L, CD253, TL2, TNFSF10 |
Description
TNFSF10 encodes tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a cytokine that binds to death receptors DR4 and DR5 to induce apoptosis in transformed cells. It plays a critical role in immune surveillance, tumor suppression, and regulation of cell death.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer (multiple types) | TRAIL induces apoptosis via death receptors; loss of TRAIL signaling promotes tumor immune evasion | ClinVar, COSMIC |
| Autoimmune diseases | Dysregulated TRAIL expression contributes to altered apoptosis in immune cells | NCBI Gene, OMIM |
| Infectious diseases | TRAIL mediates killing of infected cells; some pathogens inhibit TRAIL pathway | UniProt, PubMed |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Spleen | 12.5 | Medium |
| Lung | 8.3 | Low |
| Liver | 6.1 | Low |
| Small intestine | 15.2 | Medium |
| Peripheral blood leukocytes | 20.4 | High |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HeLa | 18.7 | Cervical cancer cell line |
| A549 | 14.2 | Lung cancer cell line |
| MCF7 | 9.8 | Breast cancer cell line |
| Jurkat | 22.1 | T-cell leukemia cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.626A>G (p.Asn209Ser) | missense | <0.1% | Altered receptor binding affinity |
| c.847C>T (p.Arg283Cys) | missense | <0.1% | Reduced apoptosis induction |
| c.1-?_*_del | deletion | rare | Loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Mutations reducing TRAIL expression or receptor binding impair apoptosis induction, linked to cancer progression.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well documented; some variants may enhance TRAIL activity but are rare.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Truncated or misfolded TRAIL can interfere with wild-type ligand function, reducing apoptosis.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • apoptotic process | • tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway |
| • cytokine activity | • extracellular space |
| • immune response |
Pathways
• TRAIL signaling pathway
• Apoptosis
• Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
• NF-kappa B signaling
Protein Summary
TRAIL is a type II transmembrane protein that can be cleaved to a soluble form. It forms homotrimers that bind to death receptors DR4 and DR5, recruiting FADD and caspase-8 to form the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC), leading to caspase cascade activation and apoptosis. TRAIL selectively induces apoptosis in many cancer cells while sparing most normal cells.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNFSF10 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDC07595 | Human | 8743 | Details Get a Quote |
| TNFSF10 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ19836 | Human | 8743 | Details Get a Quote |
| TNFSF10 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ63479 | Human | 8743 | Details Get a Quote |
| TNFSF10 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71947 | Human | 8743 | Details Get a Quote |
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