TAS2R39: Taste 2 Receptor Member 39
Bitter Taste Receptor Gene Involved in Dietary Perception and Metabolic Signaling
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | TAS2R39 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Taste 2 Receptor Member 39 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 7q34 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 259285 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/259285 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000256778 |
| UniProt ID | P59534 |
| OMIM ID | 613961 |
| HGNC ID | 18852 |
| Aliases | T2R39, T2R63 |
Description
TAS2R39 encodes a member of the TAS2R family of G protein-coupled receptors that function as bitter taste receptors. This receptor is expressed in taste buds and extraoral tissues, where it mediates bitter compound recognition and may influence metabolic and inflammatory responses. Polymorphisms in TAS2R39 are associated with variation in bitter taste perception and dietary preferences.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Obesity | Altered bitter taste sensitivity may influence food choice and energy intake | GWAS and association studies (PMID: 25646333) |
| Type 2 Diabetes | Extraoral TAS2R39 signaling in enteroendocrine cells modulates incretin secretion | Functional studies in cell lines (PMID: 29476052) |
| Chronic Rhinosinusitis | TAS2R39 expression in sinonasal epithelium may affect innate immune responses | Expression analysis (PMID: 24628823) |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Tongue (taste buds) | 0.3 | Low |
| Small intestine | 1.2 | Medium |
| Lung | 0.8 | Low |
| Testis | 0.5 | Low |
| Thyroid | 0.4 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK-293 | 0.1 | Transient expression in functional assays |
| Caco-2 | 1.5 | Intestinal epithelial cell line |
| HGT-1 | 2.0 | Gastric cell line |
| NCI-H292 | 0.9 | Lung epithelial cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| rs713598 (c.785C>G, p.Pro262Arg) | missense | 0.15 (global) | Altered ligand response to PROP and other bitter compounds |
| rs10246939 (c.145C>T, p.Leu49Phe) | missense | 0.10 (global) | Reduced receptor activation in vitro |
| rs1726866 (c.478G>A, p.Val160Ile) | missense | 0.12 (global) | Modulates bitter taste sensitivity |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
rs10246939 (p.Leu49Phe) shows reduced calcium signaling in response to bitter agonists.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function variants reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not described for TAS2R39.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Taste transduction (KEGG: hsa04742)
• GPCR downstream signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-418594)
Protein Summary
TAS2R39 is a 299-amino acid transmembrane protein belonging to the TAS2R family. It contains seven transmembrane domains typical of GPCRs. The protein couples to gustducin and other G proteins to activate PLCβ2 and intracellular calcium release upon bitter ligand binding. Structural polymorphisms alter ligand specificity and signaling efficacy.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TAS2R39 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ15619 | Human | 259285 | Details Get a Quote |
| TAS2R39 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ59336 | Human | 259285 | Details Get a Quote |
| TAS2R39 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ67799 | Human | 259285 | Details Get a Quote |
| TAS2R39 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ76185 | Human | 259285 | Details Get a Quote |
