TAAR2: Trace Amine Associated Receptor 2
A G protein-coupled receptor for trace amines with potential roles in neuropsychiatric disorders and immune modulation
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | TAAR2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Trace Amine Associated Receptor 2 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 6q23.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 9287 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/9287 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000146374 |
| UniProt ID | Q9P1P5 |
| OMIM ID | 604849 |
| HGNC ID | 11532 |
| Aliases | GPR58, TA2, TAR2 |
Description
TAAR2 (Trace Amine Associated Receptor 2) is a member of the trace amine-associated receptor family, a group of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are activated by trace amines such as tyramine, beta-phenylethylamine, and octopamine. TAAR2 is primarily expressed in the brain, olfactory epithelium, and immune cells. It is involved in modulating neurotransmitter systems, immune responses, and olfactory signaling. Genetic variations in TAAR2 have been associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other neuropsychiatric conditions.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Schizophrenia | Altered TAAR2 signaling may disrupt dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission, contributing to psychosis. | PMID: 19012866 |
| Bipolar Disorder | Variants in TAAR2 are linked to mood dysregulation through modulation of trace amine levels. | PMID: 19012866 |
| Parkinson's Disease | TAAR2 expression changes in basal ganglia may influence motor symptoms and response to L-DOPA. | PMID: 19012866 |
| Immune Dysregulation | TAAR2 activation in leukocytes modulates cytokine release, potentially affecting inflammatory diseases. | PMID: 19012866 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain (cortex) | 0.8 | Low |
| Olfactory epithelium | 2.1 | Medium |
| Spleen | 1.5 | Low |
| Lung | 0.6 | Low |
| Testis | 0.4 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma) | 0.5 | Low expression |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 0.2 | Very low |
| Jurkat (T-cell) | 1.2 | Moderate |
| THP-1 (monocyte) | 0.9 | Low |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| rs8192620 | SNP (missense) | 0.02 (global) | p.Thr149Ile; may alter receptor activation |
| rs8192619 | SNP (intronic) | 0.05 (global) | Associated with schizophrenia risk |
| rs8192618 | SNP (synonymous) | 0.03 (global) | No known functional effect |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No confirmed loss-of-function variants reported in major databases.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function variants reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative variants described.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Trace amine signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-444024)
• GPCR downstream signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-388396)
Protein Summary
TAAR2 is a 339-amino acid G protein-coupled receptor with seven transmembrane domains. It is activated by trace amines like beta-phenylethylamine and tyramine, coupling primarily to Gs proteins to stimulate cAMP production. The receptor is expressed in brain regions involved in emotion and cognition, as well as in immune cells. Structural studies suggest a conserved binding pocket for amine ligands. Post-translational modifications include N-glycosylation at Asn10 and potential palmitoylation at Cys322.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TAAR2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ6537 | Human | 9287 | Details Get a Quote |
| TAAR2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ55121 | Human | 9287 | Details Get a Quote |
| TAAR2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ63600 | Human | 9287 | Details Get a Quote |
| TAAR2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ72065 | Human | 9287 | Details Get a Quote |
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