ST3GAL4: ST3 Beta-Galactoside Alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase 4
Key enzyme in sialylation, involved in cell-cell interactions, immune regulation, and cancer progression.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | ST3GAL4 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 4 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 11q24.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 6484 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6484 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000110367 |
| UniProt ID | Q11206 |
| OMIM ID | 604033 |
| HGNC ID | 10862 |
| Aliases | ST3GalIV, SAT3, SIAT4C, ST3GALIV |
Description
ST3GAL4 encodes a Golgi membrane protein that catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid from CMP-sialic acid to galactose-containing substrates via an alpha-2,3 linkage. This enzyme is critical for the synthesis of sialyl-Lewis X (sLeX) and other sialylated glycoconjugates involved in cell adhesion, immune cell trafficking, and tumor metastasis.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Colorectal cancer | Altered sialylation of cell surface glycoproteins promotes metastasis and immune evasion. ST3GAL4 overexpression correlates with poor prognosis. | PMID: 25605274, COSMIC |
| Pancreatic cancer | ST3GAL4 upregulation enhances sLeX synthesis, facilitating tumor cell adhesion to endothelial cells. | PMID: 21947069, COSMIC |
| Gastric cancer | Increased ST3GAL4 expression associated with lymph node metastasis and advanced stage. | PMID: 23327944 |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | ST3GAL4-mediated sialylation modulates leukocyte rolling and adhesion via selectin binding. | PMID: 18316370 |
| Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) | Rare variants may impair sialylation, leading to multisystem developmental abnormalities. | ClinVar |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Liver | 12.5 | Medium |
| Colon | 10.2 | Medium |
| Pancreas | 8.9 | Medium |
| Lung | 7.3 | Low |
| Stomach | 6.8 | Low |
| Kidney | 5.4 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HepG2 (liver) | 15.1 | High expression |
| Caco-2 (colon) | 11.3 | Medium expression |
| PANC-1 (pancreas) | 9.7 | Medium expression |
| A549 (lung) | 6.2 | Low expression |
| MCF7 (breast) | 4.5 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1042G>A (p.Gly348Arg) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown; predicted to affect catalytic activity |
| c.124C>T (p.Arg42Cys) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown; located in cytoplasmic tail |
| c.157_158insA | Frameshift | <0.01% | Likely loss of function |
| c.832G>A (p.Gly278Ser) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown; reported in ClinVar |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Frameshift and nonsense mutations predicted to truncate the protein, abolishing sialyltransferase activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well documented; overexpression in cancer may mimic gain-of-function effects.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No known dominant-negative mutations reported.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - lacto and neolacto series (KEGG: hsa00601)
• Metabolism of carbohydrates (Reactome: R-HSA-71387)
• Sialic acid metabolism (Reactome: R-HSA-4085001)
• Selectin-mediated adhesion (Reactome: R-HSA-202733)
Protein Summary
ST3GAL4 is a type II transmembrane protein localized to the Golgi apparatus. It contains a short N-terminal cytoplasmic tail, a transmembrane domain, and a large C-terminal catalytic domain facing the Golgi lumen. The enzyme transfers sialic acid to terminal galactose residues on glycoproteins and glycolipids, forming alpha-2,3 linkages. This activity is essential for the biosynthesis of sialyl-Lewis X, a ligand for E-selectin, mediating leukocyte and tumor cell adhesion. The protein is expressed in multiple tissues, with highest levels in liver, colon, and pancreas. Dysregulation of ST3GAL4 is implicated in cancer metastasis and inflammatory diseases.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ST3GAL4 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ4997 | Human | 6484 | Details Get a Quote |
| ST3GAL4 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ29151 | Human | 6484 | Details Get a Quote |
| ST3GAL4 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ29153 | Human | 6484 | Details Get a Quote |
| ST3GAL4 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ29154 | Human | 6484 | Details Get a Quote |
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