SST (Somatostatin) Gene
A comprehensive overview of the SST gene, its function, expression, and clinical significance.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | SST |
|---|---|
| Full Name | somatostatin |
| Gene Type | protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 3q27.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 6750 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6750 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000157005 |
| UniProt ID | P61278 |
| OMIM ID | 182450 |
| HGNC ID | 11329 |
| Aliases | GHIH, SMST, somatostatin-14, somatostatin-28 |
Description
The SST gene encodes somatostatin, a peptide hormone that inhibits the release of growth hormone, insulin, glucagon, and other gastrointestinal hormones. It exists in two active forms (somatostatin-14 and somatostatin-28) and acts through G protein-coupled receptors (SSTR1-5). Somatostatin regulates endocrine and exocrine secretion, neurotransmission, and cell proliferation.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) | Somatostatin analogs (e.g., octreotide) bind SSTRs to inhibit hormone secretion and tumor growth. SST expression is often reduced in NETs. | ClinVar, COSMIC |
| Somatostatinoma | Rare pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor characterized by excessive somatostatin secretion, leading to diabetes, gallstones, and steatorrhea. | OMIM #182450 |
| Alzheimer's disease | Reduced somatostatin levels in the brain may contribute to cognitive decline and amyloid-beta accumulation. | NCBI Gene, PubMed |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Pancreas | 0.0 | Not detected |
| Brain (cerebral cortex) | 0.0 | Not detected |
| Stomach | 0.0 | Not detected |
| Small intestine | 0.0 | Not detected |
| Colon | 0.0 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HeLa | 0.0 | Not expressed |
| HEK 293 | 0.0 | Not expressed |
| K-562 | 0.0 | Not expressed |
| MCF7 | 0.0 | Not expressed |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | missense | <0.01% | Loss of start codon; likely loss of function |
| c.218C>T (p.Pro73Leu) | missense | <0.01% | Unknown significance; not reported in ClinVar |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Loss-of-function mutations in SST are rare and may impair somatostatin production, potentially contributing to hormone dysregulation.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations have been reported for SST.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations have been described for SST.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Somatostatin signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-420092)
• GPCR downstream signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-388396)
• Neurotransmitter release cycle (Reactome: R-HSA-112310)
Protein Summary
Somatostatin is a cyclic peptide hormone produced as a preproprotein that is cleaved into two active forms: somatostatin-14 (14 amino acids) and somatostatin-28 (28 amino acids). It binds to five G protein-coupled receptors (SSTR1-5) to inhibit adenylate cyclase, reduce cAMP levels, and modulate ion channels. Somatostatin acts as a potent inhibitor of growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, insulin, glucagon, and gastrin secretion. It also has antiproliferative effects on neuroendocrine tumor cells.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SST Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1780 | Human | 6750 | Details Get a Quote |
| SSTR1 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1790 | Human | 6751 | Details Get a Quote |
| SSTR2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1791 | Human | 6752 | Details Get a Quote |
| SSTR5 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1792 | Human | 6755 | Details Get a Quote |
| SSTR4 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ5849 | Human | 6754 | Details Get a Quote |
| SSTR3 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ5850 | Human | 6753 | Details Get a Quote |
| SSTR1 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ20318 | Human | 6751 | Details Get a Quote |
| SSTR5 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ21653 | Human | 6755 | Details Get a Quote |
| SST Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54570 | Human | 6750 | Details Get a Quote |
| SSTR2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54571 | Human | 6752 | Details Get a Quote |
| SSTR3 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54572 | Human | 6753 | Details Get a Quote |
| SSTR4 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54573 | Human | 6754 | Details Get a Quote |
| SSTR5 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54574 | Human | 6755 | Details Get a Quote |
| SST Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ63054 | Human | 6750 | Details Get a Quote |
| SSTR1 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ63055 | Human | 6751 | Details Get a Quote |
Displaying Records 1 To 15 Of 24 Records
