RAET1G (Retinoic Acid Early Transcript 1G)
A ligand for NKG2D involved in immune surveillance and cancer immunity
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | RAET1G |
|---|---|
| Full Name | retinoic acid early transcript 1G |
| Gene Type | protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 6q25.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 353091 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/353091 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000204482 |
| UniProt ID | Q6H8M2 |
| OMIM ID | 609241 |
| HGNC ID | 22942 |
| Aliases | RL-4, ULB5, NKG2D ligand 5 |
Description
RAET1G encodes a member of the retinoic acid early transcript (RAET) family, which are ligands for the NKG2D receptor expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and T cells. This protein is a membrane-bound glycoprotein that plays a role in immune surveillance by activating NKG2D-mediated cytotoxicity against stressed or transformed cells. RAET1G is part of the MHC class I-like family and is involved in cancer immunity and viral defense.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer (various types) | RAET1G expression on tumor cells activates NKG2D receptor on immune cells, promoting tumor cell lysis. Downregulation of RAET1G may allow immune evasion. | Expression studies in tumor tissues and cell lines (e.g., COSMIC, PubMed). |
| Autoimmune diseases | Altered RAET1G expression may contribute to NKG2D-mediated tissue damage in autoimmune conditions. | Association studies and functional assays (e.g., OMIM, PubMed). |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Lymph node | 12.5 | Medium |
| Spleen | 10.2 | Medium |
| Bone marrow | 8.7 | Low |
| Lung | 5.1 | Low |
| Liver | 3.4 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| K-562 (leukemia) | 15.3 | High expression |
| HeLa (cervical cancer) | 8.2 | Moderate expression |
| A549 (lung cancer) | 4.5 | Low expression |
| MCF7 (breast cancer) | 2.1 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| rs1049174 | SNV (intronic) | Allele frequency ~0.3 (global) | May affect splicing or expression; associated with altered NKG2D ligand levels. |
| c.367C>T (p.Arg123Ter) | Nonsense | Rare (<0.01) | Premature stop codon; likely loss of function, reducing NKG2D ligand activity. |
| c.458A>G (p.Asn153Ser) | Missense | Rare (<0.01) | Potential impact on protein folding or ligand-receptor interaction. |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Nonsense mutations (e.g., p.Arg123Ter) lead to truncated protein, likely impairing NKG2D ligand function and immune activation.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No documented gain-of-function mutations; overexpression in tumors may enhance immune recognition but is not a mutation effect.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No evidence of dominant-negative effects; RAET1G functions as a monomeric ligand.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • receptor ligand activity | • natural killer cell lectin-like receptor binding |
| • immune response | • cell surface receptor signaling pathway |
| • positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity |
Pathways
• NKG2D signaling pathway
• Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
• Immune surveillance
Protein Summary
RAET1G is a type I transmembrane protein with an extracellular domain that binds to NKG2D (KLRK1) receptor. It is expressed on the surface of various cells, particularly under stress conditions such as infection or transformation. The protein is involved in innate and adaptive immunity by triggering NK cell and T cell activation. Its expression is regulated at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and it is often downregulated in tumors to evade immune detection.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RAET1G Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1001 | Human | 353091 | Details Get a Quote |
| RAET1G Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ20046 | Human | 353091 | Details Get a Quote |
| RAET1G Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ20047 | Human | 353091 | Details Get a Quote |
| RAET1G Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ76690 | Human | 353091 | Details Get a Quote |
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