PSME2: Proteasome Activator Subunit 2
A key regulator of immunoproteasome assembly and antigen processing
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | PSME2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Proteasome Activator Subunit 2 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 14q11.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 5721 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5721 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000100911 |
| UniProt ID | Q9UL46 |
| OMIM ID | 602146 |
| HGNC ID | 9569 |
| Aliases | PA28B, PA28beta, REGbeta |
Description
PSME2 encodes the beta subunit of the proteasome activator PA28 (also known as REG). PA28 is a heptameric ring that binds to the ends of the 20S proteasome, enhancing its ability to generate peptides for MHC class I antigen presentation. PSME2 is induced by interferon-gamma and is essential for immunoproteasome assembly and function.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Autoimmune diseases (e.g., lupus, rheumatoid arthritis) | Altered immunoproteasome activity may affect antigen presentation and self-tolerance | PMID: 25605274 |
| Infectious diseases (e.g., viral infections) | PSME2 modulates viral peptide generation for immune recognition | PMID: 21307331 |
| Cancer (e.g., breast, colorectal) | Dysregulated PSME2 expression can alter tumor antigen presentation and immune evasion | PMID: 29127120 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Lymph node | 35.2 | High |
| Spleen | 30.1 | High |
| Bone marrow | 28.5 | High |
| Lung | 12.4 | Medium |
| Liver | 8.9 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | 22.3 | High expression |
| HeLa | 18.7 | Moderate expression |
| Jurkat | 45.6 | Very high (T cell line) |
| HepG2 | 10.1 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.337G>A (p.Gly113Arg) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional effect |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1Val) | Start loss | <0.01% | Likely loss of function |
| c.424C>T (p.Arg142Trp) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional effect |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Start loss mutations (e.g., p.Met1Val) are predicted to abolish protein expression.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations reported.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • proteasome complex (GO:0000502) | • proteasome activator activity (GO:0008538) |
| • antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I (GO:0002474) | • response to exogenous dsRNA (GO:0043330) |
| • immune system process (GO:0002376) |
Pathways
• Immunoproteasome pathway (Reactome: R-HSA-1236974)
• Antigen processing and presentation (KEGG: hsa04612)
• Interferon-gamma signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-877300)
Protein Summary
PSME2 (PA28 beta) is a 249-amino acid protein that forms heteroheptameric rings with PSME1 (PA28 alpha) to activate the 20S proteasome. The PA28 complex binds to the proteasome ends, opening the gate and enhancing peptide cleavage for MHC class I presentation. PSME2 is highly expressed in immune tissues and is upregulated by interferon-gamma.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PSME2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ50547 | Human | 5721 | Details Get a Quote |
| PSME2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54250 | Human | 5721 | Details Get a Quote |
| PSME2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62741 | Human | 5721 | Details Get a Quote |
| PSME2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71212 | Human | 5721 | Details Get a Quote |
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