PRKACG: Protein Kinase cAMP-Activated Catalytic Subunit Gamma
A key catalytic subunit of PKA involved in cAMP signaling, with implications in endocrine disorders and cancer.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | PRKACG |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Protein Kinase cAMP-Activated Catalytic Subunit Gamma |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 9q21.11 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 5568 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5568 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000165059 |
| UniProt ID | P22612 |
| OMIM ID | 176892 |
| HGNC ID | 9382 |
| Aliases | PKACg, PKA C-gamma |
Description
PRKACG encodes the gamma catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). PKA is a tetrameric holoenzyme composed of two regulatory and two catalytic subunits. PRKACG is one of three catalytic subunits (alpha, beta, gamma) and mediates downstream phosphorylation events in response to cAMP elevation, regulating metabolism, gene expression, and cell proliferation.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Carney complex (CNC) | PRKACG mutations may lead to altered PKA activity, promoting tumorigenesis in endocrine tissues. | PMID: 25378588 |
| Adrenocortical adenoma | Somatic PRKACG mutations (e.g., p.Leu206Arg) cause constitutive PKA activation, driving cortisol excess. | PMID: 25378588 |
| Pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) | Gain-of-function mutations in PRKACG increase PKA signaling, leading to adrenal hyperplasia. | PMID: 25378588 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Testis | 12.3 | Medium |
| Brain (cerebellum) | 8.7 | Low |
| Heart | 6.2 | Low |
| Adrenal gland | 5.1 | Low |
| Liver | 2.4 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | 15.2 | High expression in embryonic kidney cells |
| HeLa | 9.8 | Moderate expression in cervical cancer cells |
| K562 | 4.1 | Low expression in leukemia cells |
| HepG2 | 3.0 | Low expression in liver cancer cells |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.617T>G (p.Leu206Arg) | Missense | Somatic | Gain-of-function; constitutive PKA activity in adrenal tumors |
| c.598G>A (p.Glu200Lys) | Missense | Somatic | Gain-of-function; associated with PPNAD |
| c.100C>T (p.Arg34Trp) | Missense | Germline | Likely pathogenic; reported in Carney complex |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No confirmed loss-of-function mutations reported in PRKACG.
Gain of Function (GOF)
p.Leu206Arg and p.Glu200Lys increase catalytic activity, leading to cAMP-independent PKA signaling.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not described for PRKACG.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity (GO:0004691) | • protein serine/threonine kinase activity (GO:0004674) |
| • ATP binding (GO:0005524) | • signal transduction (GO:0007165) |
| • regulation of transcription by cAMP (GO:0035815) |
Pathways
• cAMP/PKA signaling pathway (Reactome: R-HSA-163615)
• PKA-mediated phosphorylation of CREB (Reactome: R-HSA-111931)
• GPCR downstream signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-388396)
Protein Summary
PRKACG encodes the gamma catalytic subunit of PKA (PKA C-gamma). This 351-amino acid protein contains a serine/threonine kinase domain and is activated upon cAMP binding to regulatory subunits. It phosphorylates numerous substrates including CREB, ion channels, and metabolic enzymes. Gain-of-function mutations cause constitutive activation, linked to endocrine tumors such as adrenocortical adenoma and Carney complex.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRKACG Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ223 | Human | 5568 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRKACG Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54208 | Human | 5568 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRKACG Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62703 | Human | 5568 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRKACG Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71174 | Human | 5568 | Details Get a Quote |
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