PRDX1 Gene: Peroxiredoxin 1 - Function, Disease Associations, and Expression
A comprehensive overview of the PRDX1 gene, including its genomic context, protein function, expression patterns, and clinical significance.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | PRDX1 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Peroxiredoxin 1 |
| Gene Type | protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 1p34.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 5052 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5052 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000117450 |
| UniProt ID | Q06830 |
| OMIM ID | 176763 |
| HGNC ID | 9352 |
| Aliases | PAGA; PAGB; TDPX2; NKEF-A; PRX1; MSP23 |
Description
PRDX1 encodes peroxiredoxin 1, a member of the peroxiredoxin family of antioxidant enzymes. It reduces hydrogen peroxide and alkyl hydroperoxides, thereby protecting cells from oxidative stress. PRDX1 also participates in redox signaling, cell proliferation, and differentiation. It is ubiquitously expressed and has been implicated in various cancers and neurodegenerative diseases.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer (various) | PRDX1 overexpression promotes tumor growth and drug resistance via antioxidant activity and regulation of signaling pathways (e.g., JAK2/STAT3). | COSMIC; multiple studies in PubMed (not directly linked here) |
| Neurodegenerative disorders | Oxidative stress contributes to neurodegeneration; PRDX1 may play a protective role, but its dysregulation is observed. | UniProt; OMIM |
| Atherosclerosis | PRDX1 modulates oxidative stress in vascular cells, influencing plaque formation. | UniProt; literature |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Blood | 214.6 | High |
| Bone Marrow | 152.3 | High |
| Spleen | 141.2 | High |
| Liver | 120.5 | High |
| Kidney | 110.8 | High |
| Brain | 70.3 | Medium |
| Heart | 65.4 | Medium |
| Lung | 80.1 | Medium |
| Muscle | 45.2 | Low |
| Pancreas | 55.6 | Medium |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| K562 | 250.1 | Leukemia cell line; high expression |
| HeLa | 180.3 | Cervical cancer; high expression |
| A549 | 150.7 | Lung carcinoma; high expression |
| HepG2 | 130.2 | Liver cancer; high expression |
| MCF7 | 90.5 | Breast cancer; moderate expression |
| SH-SY5Y | 60.4 | Neuroblastoma; moderate expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.245C>T (p.Pro82Leu) | Missense | Rare | Potential loss of function; associated with oxidative stress susceptibility |
| c.364G>A (p.Glu122Lys) | Missense | Rare | Unknown; possibly affects enzyme activity |
| c.520A>G (p.Thr174Ala) | Missense | Rare | Reported in cancer; functional impact unclear |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Mutations that reduce PRDX1's peroxidase activity, leading to increased oxidative stress and potential cellular damage.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No clear gain-of-function mutations reported; overexpression is more common in cancer.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not well documented; PRDX1 functions as a homodimer, but dominant-negative effects are not established.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • peroxiredoxin activity | • thioredoxin peroxidase activity |
| • antioxidant activity | • oxidoreductase activity |
| • response to oxidative stress | • cell redox homeostasis |
| • signal transduction | • negative regulation of apoptosis |
Pathways
• Reactive oxygen species degradation
• Peroxiredoxin pathway
• p53 signaling pathway (via regulation of oxidative stress)
• JAK-STAT signaling pathway (modulation)
Protein Summary
Peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) is a 22 kDa antioxidant enzyme that reduces hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides using thioredoxin as an electron donor. It exists as a homodimer and undergoes reversible oxidation of a catalytic cysteine residue. Beyond its antioxidant role, PRDX1 acts as a molecular chaperone and regulates cell signaling by interacting with various kinases and transcription factors. It is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. PRDX1 is overexpressed in many cancers and is associated with poor prognosis, making it a potential therapeutic target.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRDX1 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ3965 | Human | 5052 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRDX1 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ26240 | Human | 5052 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRDX1 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ26241 | Human | 5052 | Details Get a Quote |
| PRDX1 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ26242 | Human | 5052 | Details Get a Quote |
| Prdx1 Knockout MC3T3-E1 Cell Line | EDJ-KZ412 | Mouse | 18477 | Details Get a Quote |
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