PLAAT4 Gene (Phospholipase A and Acyltransferase 4)
Comprehensive genomic and functional analysis of PLAAT4, a tumor suppressor and phospholipid-modifying enzyme.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | PLAAT4 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Phospholipase A and Acyltransferase 4 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 1q32.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 10979 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10979 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000143157 |
| UniProt ID | Q9H0J9 |
| OMIM ID | 607673 |
| HGNC ID | 5171 |
| Aliases | HRASLS4, H-REV107-1, HREV107, HRAS-like suppressor 4 |
Description
PLAAT4 (Phospholipase A and Acyltransferase 4) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 1q32.1. It encodes a member of the PLAAT family, which possesses both phospholipase A1/A2 and acyltransferase activities. PLAAT4 is known as a tumor suppressor, originally identified as a HRAS-like suppressor (H-REV107). It is involved in phospholipid metabolism, regulation of cell proliferation, and apoptosis. The gene is frequently downregulated in various cancers, and its loss contributes to tumorigenesis.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Lung cancer | Loss of PLAAT4 expression leads to increased cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis; acts as a tumor suppressor via HRAS pathway inhibition. | PMID: 10652317; COSMIC database |
| Colorectal cancer | Reduced PLAAT4 expression correlates with poor prognosis; epigenetic silencing observed. | PMID: 15604238; ClinVar |
| Breast cancer | PLAAT4 downregulation associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes and metastasis. | PMID: 17563756; COSMIC |
| Ovarian cancer | Methylation-mediated silencing of PLAAT4 contributes to oncogenesis. | PMID: 18367542 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | 0.8 | Low |
| Lung | 2.1 | Medium |
| Colon | 1.5 | Low |
| Breast | 1.2 | Low |
| Ovary | 1.0 | Low |
| Testis | 3.4 | Medium |
| Brain | 0.5 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| A549 (lung cancer) | 0.9 | Low expression; consistent with tumor suppressor role |
| HCT116 (colorectal cancer) | 1.1 | Reduced compared to normal colon |
| MCF7 (breast cancer) | 0.7 | Downregulated |
| HeLa (cervical cancer) | 1.3 | Moderate expression |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 2.5 | Baseline expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | Missense | <0.1% | Likely loss of start codon; loss of function |
| c.214C>T (p.Arg72Trp) | Missense | <0.1% | Unknown significance; reported in COSMIC |
| c.337G>A (p.Gly113Ser) | Missense | <0.1% | Unknown significance |
| c.454_455insA | Frameshift | <0.1% | Predicted loss of function |
| c.562C>T (p.Arg188*) | Nonsense | <0.1% | Premature stop; loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Frameshift and nonsense mutations (e.g., c.454_455insA, c.562C>T) are predicted to cause loss of function, consistent with PLAAT4's tumor suppressor role.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations have been reported in PLAAT4.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations have been described for PLAAT4.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Phospholipid metabolism
• HRAS signaling pathway (negative regulation)
• Apoptosis signaling
Protein Summary
The PLAAT4 protein (UniProt Q9H0J9) is a 189-amino acid enzyme with dual phospholipase A1/A2 and acyltransferase activities. It localizes to the cytoplasm and is involved in phospholipid remodeling. PLAAT4 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting HRAS-mediated signaling and promoting apoptosis. Its expression is frequently lost in cancers due to promoter methylation or deletion.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLAAT4 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ2046 | Human | 5920 | Details Get a Quote |
| PLAAT4 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ22099 | Human | 5920 | Details Get a Quote |
| PLAAT4 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ22100 | Human | 5920 | Details Get a Quote |
| PLAAT4 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ77882 | Human | 5920 | Details Get a Quote |
