PLA2G2A Gene - Phospholipase A2 Group IIA
Comprehensive genomic and functional analysis of PLA2G2A, a secreted phospholipase involved in inflammation, host defense, and cancer.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | PLA2G2A |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Phospholipase A2 Group IIA |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 1p36.13 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 5320 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5320 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000188257 |
| UniProt ID | P14555 |
| OMIM ID | 172411 |
| HGNC ID | 9031 |
| Aliases | PLA2B, PLA2L, PLA2S, sPLA2-IIA, MOM1 |
Description
PLA2G2A encodes a secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) that catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids to release arachidonic acid and lysophospholipids, precursors of eicosanoids and platelet-activating factor. It plays a key role in inflammation, host defense against bacteria, and modulation of tumor progression. The gene is located on chromosome 1p36.13 and is expressed in various tissues including the intestine, prostate, and immune cells.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Colorectal Cancer | PLA2G2A expression is associated with tumor suppression; loss of expression correlates with poor prognosis. | PMID: 10655551, COSMIC |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | Increased sPLA2-IIA activity contributes to mucosal inflammation and tissue damage. | PMID: 11509682 |
| Atherosclerosis | Elevated PLA2G2A levels promote LDL oxidation and vascular inflammation. | PMID: 15668377 |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | Secreted PLA2G2A is found in synovial fluid and amplifies joint inflammation. | PMID: 10720189 |
| Sepsis | PLA2G2A acts as an acute-phase protein; high levels correlate with severity. | PMID: 10931852 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Prostate | 12.5 | Medium |
| Small Intestine | 8.3 | Medium |
| Colon | 6.1 | Low |
| Stomach | 4.7 | Low |
| Lung | 2.1 | Low |
| Spleen | 1.8 | Low |
| Liver | 0.5 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HT-29 (Colorectal) | 15.2 | High expression |
| PC-3 (Prostate) | 9.8 | Medium expression |
| A549 (Lung) | 3.4 | Low expression |
| HeLa (Cervical) | 1.2 | Low expression |
| K-562 (Leukemia) | 0.3 | Not detected |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.331G>A (p.Gly111Arg) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional impact; rare population variant |
| c.487C>T (p.Arg163Trp) | Missense | <0.01% | Predicted damaging by SIFT; not validated in disease |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | Start loss | <0.01% | Likely loss of function; no clinical association reported |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Start-loss mutations (e.g., p.Met1?) are predicted to abolish protein translation, leading to complete loss of enzymatic activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations have been reported in PLA2G2A.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations have been described for PLA2G2A.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Arachidonic acid metabolism (Reactome: R-HSA-2142753)
• Phospholipid hydrolysis (Reactome: R-HSA-1483206)
• Innate immune system (Reactome: R-HSA-168249)
Protein Summary
The PLA2G2A protein (sPLA2-IIA) is a 144-amino acid secreted phospholipase with a conserved calcium-binding domain and catalytic histidine-aspartate dyad. It is synthesized as a preproenzyme and processed to the active form. The enzyme preferentially hydrolyzes phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol, releasing arachidonic acid. It exhibits potent bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria by disrupting their cell membrane. In cancer, sPLA2-IIA can act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer but may promote inflammation in other contexts.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLA2G2A Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1265 | Human | 5320 | Details Get a Quote |
| PLA2G2A Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54150 | Human | 5320 | Details Get a Quote |
| PLA2G2A Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62643 | Human | 5320 | Details Get a Quote |
| PLA2G2A Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71111 | Human | 5320 | Details Get a Quote |
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