ORM1: Orosomucoid 1 – Alpha-1-Acid Glycoprotein
A key acute-phase plasma protein with roles in inflammation, drug binding, and immunomodulation.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | ORM1 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Orosomucoid 1 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 9q32 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 5004 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5004 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000183091 |
| UniProt ID | P02763 |
| OMIM ID | 138600 |
| HGNC ID | 8498 |
| Aliases | AGP1, AGP-A, ORM, ALAGP1 |
Description
ORM1 encodes orosomucoid 1 (alpha-1-acid glycoprotein), a major acute-phase plasma protein synthesized primarily in the liver. It functions as a carrier protein for basic and neutral drugs, modulates immune responses, and exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The protein is heavily glycosylated and its expression increases in response to inflammation, infection, and tissue injury.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Acute-phase response | ORM1 is upregulated during inflammation as part of the acute-phase reaction; binds and transports inflammatory mediators. | NCBI Gene, UniProt |
| Drug pharmacokinetics variability | ORM1 binds basic drugs (e.g., propranolol, imipramine); altered levels affect drug distribution and clearance. | UniProt, PubMed |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | Elevated ORM1 levels correlate with disease activity; may modulate immune cell function. | NCBI Gene, ClinVar |
| Cancer (general) | ORM1 expression changes in various malignancies; potential biomarker for prognosis. | COSMIC, PubMed |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Liver | 124.4 | High |
| Adipose tissue | 12.3 | Medium |
| Lung | 8.7 | Medium |
| Kidney | 6.2 | Low |
| Heart | 3.1 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HepG2 | 98.5 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line; high expression |
| A549 | 15.2 | Lung adenocarcinoma; moderate expression |
| MCF7 | 4.8 | Breast cancer; low expression |
| K562 | 2.1 | Chronic myeloid leukemia; very low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | missense | <0.01% | Potential loss of start codon; likely loss of function |
| c.176C>T (p.Thr59Ile) | missense | 0.02% | Alters glycosylation site; may affect protein stability |
| c.403G>A (p.Glu135Lys) | missense | 0.01% | Reported in ClinVar; uncertain significance |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Rare start-loss and truncating variants likely reduce protein levels or abolish function.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well documented; no common gain-of-function variants reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No evidence for dominant-negative effects.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Acute phase response signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-6783783)
• Drug metabolism – transport (Reactome: R-HSA-975298)
Protein Summary
Orosomucoid 1 (ORM1) is a 41 kDa glycoprotein with 201 amino acids, heavily N-glycosylated. It belongs to the lipocalin family and adopts a beta-barrel structure that binds hydrophobic ligands. The protein is primarily synthesized in hepatocytes and secreted into plasma. Its concentration increases 2-5 fold during inflammation. ORM1 binds a wide range of basic drugs, steroids, and endogenous lipids, influencing their pharmacokinetics. It also modulates neutrophil activation, complement activity, and cytokine release.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ORM1 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ50495 | Human | 5004 | Details Get a Quote |
| ORM1 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54058 | Human | 5004 | Details Get a Quote |
| ORM1 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62546 | Human | 5004 | Details Get a Quote |
| ORM1 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71018 | Human | 5004 | Details Get a Quote |
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