OPRK1
Opioid Receptor Kappa 1
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | OPRK1 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Opioid Receptor Kappa 1 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 8q11.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 4986 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4986 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000082556 |
| UniProt ID | P41145 |
| OMIM ID | 165196 |
| HGNC ID | 8155 |
| Aliases | KOR, KOR-1, OPRK |
Description
The OPRK1 gene encodes the kappa opioid receptor (KOR), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds endogenous opioid peptides such as dynorphins. It is primarily involved in modulating pain, stress responses, reward, and mood. Activation of KOR produces analgesia, dysphoria, and psychotomimetic effects. The receptor is a target for therapeutic development in pain management, addiction, and psychiatric disorders.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Addiction (substance use disorders) | KOR activation modulates dopamine release and reward pathways; polymorphisms alter susceptibility | ClinVar, NCBI |
| Pain (nociceptive and neuropathic) | KOR agonists produce analgesia via spinal and supraspinal mechanisms | NCBI, OMIM |
| Depression and anxiety | Dynorphin/KOR system dysregulation contributes to stress-induced mood disorders | OMIM, PubMed |
| Schizophrenia | KOR activation induces psychotomimetic effects; genetic variants linked to risk | NCBI, OMIM |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain (cortex) | 4.2 | Medium |
| Spinal cord | 3.8 | Medium |
| Adrenal gland | 2.1 | Low |
| Placenta | 1.5 | Low |
| Kidney | 0.8 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma) | 2.5 | Endogenous expression |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 0.3 | Low; often used for recombinant expression |
| U-87 MG (glioblastoma) | 1.1 | Detectable |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.36C>T (p.Pro12=) | synonymous | 0.1% (gnomAD) | Likely benign |
| c.893G>A (p.Arg298His) | missense | 0.01% | Unknown significance; may alter ligand binding |
| c.1048C>T (p.Arg350*) | nonsense | <0.01% | Loss of function; truncated protein |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Nonsense mutations (e.g., p.Arg350*) lead to truncated, non-functional receptor.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well documented in OPRK1; some missense variants may increase signaling but not confirmed.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No known dominant-negative mutations reported.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • G protein-coupled receptor activity | • opioid receptor activity |
| • signal transduction | • adenylate cyclase inhibition |
| • response to pain | • neurotransmitter receptor activity |
Pathways
• Opioid signaling
• GPCR downstream signaling
• cAMP inhibition
• MAPK signaling
Protein Summary
The kappa opioid receptor (KOR) is a 380-amino acid GPCR with seven transmembrane domains. It couples primarily to Gi/o proteins, inhibiting adenylyl cyclase and modulating ion channels. KOR is activated by endogenous dynorphins and mediates analgesia, dysphoria, and stress responses. It is a target for developing non-addictive analgesics and treatments for substance abuse.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OPRK1 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ2509 | Human | 4986 | Details Get a Quote |
| OPRK1 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54048 | Human | 4986 | Details Get a Quote |
| OPRK1 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62536 | Human | 4986 | Details Get a Quote |
| OPRK1 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71008 | Human | 4986 | Details Get a Quote |
