NPY4R Gene: Neuropeptide Y Receptor Y4 - Function, Expression, and Clinical Significance

NPY4R (Neuropeptide Y Receptor Y4) is a protein-coding gene that encodes a G protein-coupled receptor for neuropeptide Y (NPY) and peptide YY (PYY). The receptor is primarily involved in the regulation of food intake, energy homeostasis, and gastrointestinal function. It is activated by pancreatic polypeptide (PP) with high affinity and plays a role in appetite suppression and modulation of pancreatic secretion. NPY4R is expressed in the brain, particularly in the hypothalamus, and in peripheral tissues such as the gastrointestinal tract.

Tissue Expression

Cell Line Expression

Hotspot Mutations

Mutation functional classification

• Neuropeptide Y signaling pathway

• GPCR downstream signaling

• Regulation of appetite

NPY4R is a 375-amino acid G protein-coupled receptor with seven transmembrane domains. It binds pancreatic polypeptide (PP) with high affinity and, to a lesser extent, NPY and PYY. Activation of NPY4R inhibits adenylyl cyclase via Gi/o proteins, reducing cAMP levels. The receptor is implicated in the central regulation of food intake and energy balance, as well as peripheral effects on gastrointestinal motility and secretion. Structural studies indicate conserved residues critical for ligand binding and receptor activation.