NOX5: NADPH Oxidase 5 – A Key Source of Reactive Oxygen Species
Comprehensive gene card for NOX5, including genomic context, expression, disease associations, and functional classification.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | NOX5 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | NADPH Oxidase 5 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 15q23 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 79400 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/79400 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000155380 |
| UniProt ID | Q96PH1 |
| OMIM ID | 606572 |
| HGNC ID | 7891 |
| Aliases | NOX5A, NOX5B, NOX5C, NOX5D, NOX5E, NOX5F, NOX5G, NOX5H, NOX5I, NOX5J, NOX5K, NOX5L, NOX5M, NOX5N, NOX5O, NOX5P, NOX5Q, NOX5R, NOX5S, NOX5T, NOX5U, NOX5V, NOX5W, NOX5X, NOX5Y, NOX5Z |
Description
NOX5 (NADPH Oxidase 5) is a calcium-dependent NADPH oxidase that generates superoxide anion, a reactive oxygen species (ROS). Unlike other NOX family members, NOX5 contains N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding domains and is activated by intracellular calcium elevation. It is expressed in various tissues including testis, spleen, and vascular cells, and is implicated in signaling, inflammation, and oxidative stress-related diseases.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular disease | NOX5-derived ROS contribute to endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling | PMID: 25681614 |
| Cancer (prostate, breast, melanoma) | NOX5 overexpression promotes cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis via ROS signaling | PMID: 23376921 |
| Hypertension | Increased NOX5 activity in renal and vascular tissues elevates oxidative stress, impairing blood pressure regulation | PMID: 26921365 |
| Diabetic nephropathy | NOX5-mediated ROS production in podocytes and mesangial cells contributes to kidney fibrosis | PMID: 27609842 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Testis | 12.3 | Medium |
| Spleen | 8.7 | Low |
| Lymph node | 6.5 | Low |
| Prostate | 5.2 | Low |
| Kidney | 4.1 | Not detected |
| Heart | 3.8 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | 15.1 | Overexpressed in recombinant studies |
| HUVEC | 9.8 | Endothelial cells, calcium-dependent activation |
| THP-1 | 7.2 | Monocytic cell line, induced by PMA |
| MCF7 | 6.5 | Breast cancer cell line, moderate expression |
| PC3 | 5.9 | Prostate cancer cell line, elevated in aggressive subtypes |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1003C>T (p.Arg335Trp) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional effect; reported in ClinVar |
| c.1426G>A (p.Glu476Lys) | Missense | <0.01% | Potential loss of calcium binding; not validated |
| c.1849C>T (p.Arg617Cys) | Missense | <0.01% | Reported in COSMIC; associated with melanoma |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No well-characterized loss-of-function mutations have been reported in NOX5. Experimental knockdown or inhibition reduces ROS production.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Gain-of-function mutations have not been formally described; however, overexpression or constitutive activation (e.g., via calcium-independent mutants) leads to increased ROS.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations have been reported for NOX5.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• NADPH oxidase pathway (Reactome: R-HSA-5668599)
• Reactive oxygen species production (KEGG: hsa04146)
• Calcium signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04020)
Protein Summary
NOX5 is a 737-amino acid protein (UniProt Q96PH1) with a molecular weight of approximately 84 kDa. It contains an N-terminal region with four EF-hand calcium-binding domains, six transmembrane helices, and a C-terminal FAD/NADPH-binding domain. Upon calcium binding, NOX5 undergoes a conformational change that enables electron transfer from NADPH to oxygen, producing superoxide. It is localized to the plasma membrane and endomembranes, and its activity is tightly regulated by calcium and phosphorylation.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOX5 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ17890 | Human | 79400 | Details Get a Quote |
| NOX5 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ57172 | Human | 79400 | Details Get a Quote |
| NOX5 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ65686 | Human | 79400 | Details Get a Quote |
| NOX5 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ74105 | Human | 79400 | Details Get a Quote |
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