NMT1: N-Myristoyltransferase 1
A key enzyme in protein myristoylation, implicated in cancer and infectious diseases.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | NMT1 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | N-myristoyltransferase 1 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 17q21.31 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 4836 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4836 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000136451 |
| UniProt ID | P30419 |
| OMIM ID | 160993 |
| HGNC ID | 7857 |
| Aliases | NMT, NMT2 |
Description
NMT1 encodes N-myristoyltransferase 1, an enzyme that catalyzes the covalent attachment of myristate, a 14-carbon saturated fatty acid, to the N-terminal glycine residue of target proteins. This myristoylation modification is critical for membrane targeting, protein-protein interactions, and signal transduction. NMT1 is ubiquitously expressed and plays roles in cell growth, apoptosis, and viral replication.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Colorectal Cancer | Overexpression of NMT1 promotes cell proliferation and invasion via myristoylation of oncoproteins. | NCBI Gene, COSMIC |
| Breast Cancer | NMT1 upregulation correlates with poor prognosis and may enhance tumor growth. | NCBI Gene, COSMIC |
| HIV/AIDS | NMT1 myristoylates HIV-1 Gag polyprotein, essential for viral assembly and budding. | NCBI Gene, UniProt |
| Leishmaniasis | NMT1 is a drug target in Leishmania species; inhibition blocks parasite growth. | UniProt, OMIM |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain | 15.2 | Medium |
| Heart | 12.8 | Medium |
| Liver | 18.5 | High |
| Kidney | 14.1 | Medium |
| Lung | 11.3 | Medium |
| Colon | 16.7 | High |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK 293 | 22.4 | High expression |
| HeLa | 19.8 | High expression |
| HepG2 | 17.3 | High expression |
| K562 | 14.6 | Medium expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.101C>T (p.Thr34Met) | Missense | Rare | Unknown functional effect |
| c.205G>A (p.Gly69Ser) | Missense | Rare | Potential loss of catalytic activity |
| c.412A>G (p.Asn138Asp) | Missense | Rare | Reported in COSMIC; uncertain significance |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Missense mutations in the catalytic domain may reduce myristoyltransferase activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well documented; overexpression in cancers suggests possible gain-of-function via increased myristoylation.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No known dominant-negative mutations reported.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • glycylpeptide N-tetradecanoyltransferase activity (GO:0004379) | • N-terminal protein myristoylation (GO:0006499) |
| • cytoplasm (GO:0005737) | • cytosol (GO:0005829) |
| • membrane (GO:0016020) |
Pathways
• Protein myristoylation
• HIV life cycle
• Apoptosis modulation
Protein Summary
NMT1 is a 496-amino acid enzyme that transfers myristate from myristoyl-CoA to target proteins. It is essential for the function of many signaling proteins, including Src family kinases and HIV-1 Gag. The protein is localized in the cytoplasm and membrane, and its dysregulation is linked to cancer and infectious diseases.
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