NGF (Nerve Growth Factor) Gene
A key neurotrophin involved in neuronal survival, differentiation, and pain signaling
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | NGF |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Nerve Growth Factor |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 1p13.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 4803 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4803 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000134259 |
| UniProt ID | P01138 |
| OMIM ID | 162030 |
| HGNC ID | 7808 |
| Aliases | NGFB, Beta-NGF, HSAN5 |
Description
The NGF gene encodes nerve growth factor, a member of the neurotrophin family. NGF is essential for the survival, development, and maintenance of sympathetic and sensory neurons. It also plays a role in pain signaling, inflammation, and neuronal plasticity. Mutations in NGF are associated with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 5 (HSAN5) and congenital insensitivity to pain.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 5 (HSAN5) | Loss-of-function mutations in NGF impair neurotrophin signaling, leading to reduced survival of nociceptive neurons and pain insensitivity. | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Congenital insensitivity to pain | Biallelic NGF mutations disrupt TrkA receptor activation, causing inability to perceive pain. | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Neuropathic pain | Elevated NGF levels in injured tissues sensitize nociceptors via TrkA and p75NTR, contributing to chronic pain. | NCBI, PubMed |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain | 0.3 | Low |
| Spinal cord | 0.5 | Low |
| Prostate | 1.2 | Low |
| Salivary gland | 2.8 | Medium |
| Skin | 0.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK 293 | 0.1 | Low expression |
| SH-SY5Y | 0.4 | Low expression |
| MCF7 | 0.2 | Low expression |
| HUVEC | 0.6 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.212A>G (p.Asp71Gly) | Missense | Rare | Reduced NGF secretion and TrkA binding; associated with HSAN5 |
| c.661C>T (p.Arg221Trp) | Missense | Rare | Impaired neurotrophin function; linked to pain insensitivity |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1Val) | Start loss | Rare | Complete loss of NGF production; severe HSAN5 phenotype |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Missense and start-loss mutations reduce or abolish NGF secretion and receptor activation, leading to HSAN5 and pain insensitivity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not reported in NGF; gain-of-function is not a known mechanism for this gene.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations have been described for NGF.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Neurotrophin signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04722)
• MAPK signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04010)
• PI3K-Akt signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04151)
• Apoptosis (KEGG: hsa04210)
Protein Summary
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a secreted homodimeric protein that binds to the high-affinity receptor TrkA (NTRK1) and the low-affinity receptor p75NTR (NGFR). It promotes neuronal survival, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. NGF is synthesized as a precursor (proNGF) and cleaved to the mature form. ProNGF has higher affinity for p75NTR and can induce apoptosis, while mature NGF primarily signals through TrkA to promote survival. NGF is also involved in inflammatory pain and hyperalgesia.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NGFR Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ210 | Human | 4804 | Details Get a Quote |
| NGF Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ715 | Human | 4803 | Details Get a Quote |
| NGF Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ19328 | Human | 4803 | Details Get a Quote |
| NGF Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ19329 | Human | 4803 | Details Get a Quote |
| NGFR Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ19331 | Human | 4804 | Details Get a Quote |
| NGFR Knockout SCC-9 Cell Line | EDJ-KZ365 | Human | 4804 | Details Get a Quote |
| NGFR Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ53991 | Human | 4804 | Details Get a Quote |
| NGFR Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62484 | Human | 4804 | Details Get a Quote |
| NGF Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ70949 | Human | 4803 | Details Get a Quote |
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