MT1X: Metallothionein 1X
A cysteine-rich metal-binding protein involved in zinc homeostasis, antioxidant defense, and cellular stress response.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | MT1X |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Metallothionein 1X |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 16q13 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 4501 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4501 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000187193 |
| UniProt ID | P80297 |
| OMIM ID | 156359 |
| HGNC ID | 7402 |
| Aliases | MT-1X, MT1, MT1L |
Description
MT1X encodes a member of the metallothionein family of small, cysteine-rich proteins that bind heavy metals such as zinc, copper, and cadmium. It plays a key role in metal detoxification, zinc homeostasis, and protection against oxidative stress. Expression is induced by metals, glucocorticoids, and inflammatory stimuli.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer (various types) | Dysregulated MT1X expression may alter zinc availability and redox balance, promoting tumor growth or resistance to therapy. | NCBI Gene, COSMIC |
| Metal toxicity (e.g., cadmium) | MT1X binds and sequesters toxic metals, reducing their harmful effects. | UniProt, NCBI Gene |
| Oxidative stress-related disorders | MT1X scavenges reactive oxygen species via its thiol groups, protecting cells from oxidative damage. | UniProt, NCBI Gene |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Liver | 12.5 | Medium |
| Kidney | 8.3 | Medium |
| Small intestine | 6.1 | Low |
| Pancreas | 4.7 | Low |
| Lung | 3.2 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HepG2 (liver) | 15.0 | High expression |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 9.8 | Moderate expression |
| A549 (lung) | 5.1 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | missense | <0.01% | Potential loss of start codon; functional impact unknown |
| c.205C>T (p.Arg69Cys) | missense | <0.01% | May alter metal-binding capacity |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No confirmed loss-of-function mutations reported in ClinVar or COSMIC.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not described.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Metallothioneins bind metals (Reactome: R-HSA-5661231)
• Cellular response to zinc excess (Reactome: R-HSA-435354)
Protein Summary
MT1X is a 61-amino acid protein with 20 cysteine residues that coordinate up to 7 zinc or cadmium ions. It is localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and its expression is rapidly induced by metal ions and stress signals. The protein functions as a metal chaperone, antioxidant, and regulator of zinc-dependent transcription factors.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MT1X Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ50455 | Human | 4501 | Details Get a Quote |
| MT1X Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ53913 | Human | 4501 | Details Get a Quote |
| MT1X Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62406 | Human | 4501 | Details Get a Quote |
| MT1X Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ70873 | Human | 4501 | Details Get a Quote |
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