MOS: Proto-Oncogene, Serine/Threonine Kinase
A key regulator of oocyte maturation and meiotic cell cycle progression
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | MOS |
|---|---|
| Full Name | MOS proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 8q12.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 4342 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4342 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000104412 |
| UniProt ID | P00540 |
| OMIM ID | 190060 |
| HGNC ID | 7190 |
| Aliases | c-mos, MSV, OSM |
Description
The MOS gene encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase that is a key component of the MAP kinase signaling cascade. It is primarily expressed in germ cells and plays an essential role in oocyte maturation, meiotic cell cycle arrest, and the activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway. MOS is a proto-oncogene; its aberrant expression or mutation can contribute to tumorigenesis, particularly in certain cancers.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Ovarian cancer | Overexpression or mutation of MOS leads to constitutive activation of MAPK signaling, promoting cell proliferation and survival. | ClinVar, COSMIC |
| Breast cancer | Altered MOS expression has been observed; potential role in tumor progression via MAPK pathway dysregulation. | COSMIC, NCBI |
| Lung cancer | Somatic mutations in MOS identified in some cases; may contribute to oncogenic signaling. | COSMIC |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Testis | 0.8 | Low |
| Ovary | 0.6 | Low |
| Brain | 0.1 | Not detected |
| Heart | 0.0 | Not detected |
| Liver | 0.0 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HeLa | 0.2 | Low expression |
| A549 | 0.1 | Low expression |
| MCF7 | 0.3 | Low expression |
| K562 | 0.0 | Not detected |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1Val) | Missense | <0.1% | Loss of start codon; likely loss of function |
| c.100G>A (p.Glu34Lys) | Missense | <0.1% | Unknown; possibly gain of function |
| c.500T>C (p.Leu167Pro) | Missense | <0.1% | Unknown; structural impact |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Mutations that disrupt the kinase domain or start codon, impairing MOS activity and meiotic progression.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Mutations that increase kinase activity or stability, leading to constitutive MAPK signaling and oncogenic transformation.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not well documented for MOS; some mutations may interfere with wild-type function in heterozygotes.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • protein serine/threonine kinase activity (GO:0004674) | • MAP kinase activity (GO:0004707) |
| • MAPK cascade (GO:0000165) | • oocyte maturation (GO:0001556) |
| • nucleus (GO:0005634) | • cytoplasm (GO:0005737) |
Pathways
• MAPK signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04010)
• Oocyte meiosis (KEGG: hsa04114)
• Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation (KEGG: hsa04914)
Protein Summary
The MOS protein is a 37 kDa serine/threonine kinase that activates the MAPK/ERK pathway by phosphorylating and activating MEK1/2. It is critical for meiotic cell cycle control in oocytes, where it promotes the transition from metaphase I to metaphase II and maintains meiotic arrest until fertilization. In somatic cells, MOS expression is normally low, but its aberrant activation can drive oncogenesis.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MOSPD2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1042 | Human | 158747 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOS Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ5235 | Human | 4342 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOSPD3 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ13510 | Human | 64598 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOSMO Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ14289 | Human | 730094 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOSPD1 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ14290 | Human | 56180 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOSPD2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ20148 | Human | 158747 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOSPD2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ20149 | Human | 158747 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOSPD2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ20150 | Human | 158747 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOSMO Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ44337 | Human | 730094 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOSMO Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ44338 | Human | 730094 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOSMO Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ44339 | Human | 730094 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOSPD1 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ44340 | Human | 56180 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOSPD1 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ44341 | Human | 56180 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOSPD1 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ44342 | Human | 56180 | Details Get a Quote |
| MOSPD3 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ44343 | Human | 64598 | Details Get a Quote |
