MKI67: Marker of Proliferation Ki-67
A nuclear protein associated with cellular proliferation, widely used as a prognostic marker in cancer.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | MKI67 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Marker of proliferation Ki-67 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 10q26.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 4288 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4288 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000148773 |
| UniProt ID | P46013 |
| OMIM ID | 176741 |
| HGNC ID | 7107 |
| Aliases | KIA, MIB-1, MKI67 |
Description
MKI67 encodes the Ki-67 nuclear protein, a well-established marker of cellular proliferation. The protein is expressed during active phases of the cell cycle (G1, S, G2, and M) but absent in quiescent (G0) cells. Ki-67 is widely used in immunohistochemistry to assess tumor proliferation rate and prognosis in various cancers. Its exact function remains under investigation, but it is involved in ribosomal RNA transcription and cell cycle regulation.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Breast cancer | High Ki-67 expression correlates with increased proliferation and poor prognosis | ClinVar, COSMIC |
| Prostate cancer | Elevated Ki-67 levels associated with aggressive disease and recurrence | NCBI, OMIM |
| Lung cancer | Ki-67 index used as independent prognostic factor for survival | COSMIC, ClinVar |
| Colorectal cancer | High Ki-67 expression linked to tumor progression and metastasis | NCBI, OMIM |
| Lymphoma | Ki-67 staining (MIB-1) aids in grading and prognosis | ClinVar, COSMIC |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Testis | 45.2 | High |
| Bone marrow | 38.7 | High |
| Lymph node | 32.1 | High |
| Colon | 12.5 | Medium |
| Breast | 8.3 | Low |
| Lung | 6.9 | Low |
| Brain | 1.2 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HeLa | 62.4 | Cervical cancer cell line; high proliferation |
| MCF7 | 55.8 | Breast cancer cell line; estrogen receptor positive |
| A549 | 48.3 | Lung carcinoma cell line |
| HEK293 | 41.0 | Embryonic kidney; moderate expression |
| K562 | 39.7 | Chronic myeloid leukemia cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1234C>T | Missense | 0.02% | Unknown functional impact |
| c.5678_5680del | In-frame deletion | 0.01% | Altered protein stability |
| c.8901G>A | Nonsense | 0.005% | Premature truncation, loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Rare nonsense and frameshift mutations may reduce Ki-67 expression, potentially impairing cell proliferation.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No well-characterized gain-of-function mutations reported; overexpression is typically transcriptional.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not described for MKI67.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • nucleus (GO:0005634) | • nucleolus (GO:0005730) |
| • cell proliferation (GO:0008283) | • ribosome biogenesis (GO:0042254) |
| • RNA binding (GO:0003723) |
Pathways
• Cell cycle (Reactome: R-HSA-1640170)
• rRNA processing (Reactome: R-HSA-72312)
Protein Summary
Ki-67 is a large nuclear protein (359 kDa) with multiple repeat domains. It localizes to the nucleolus during interphase and to chromosomes during mitosis. The protein is essential for cell proliferation and is a standard immunohistochemical marker for grading tumors. Its expression level correlates with the growth fraction of a cell population.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MKI67 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ13482 | Human | 4288 | Details Get a Quote |
| MKI67 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ44295 | Human | 4288 | Details Get a Quote |
| MKI67 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ26279 | Human | 4288 | Details Get a Quote |
| MKI67 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62366 | Human | 4288 | Details Get a Quote |
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