MGST3: Microsomal Glutathione S-Transferase 3
A key enzyme in glutathione metabolism and cellular defense against oxidative stress
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | MGST3 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Microsomal Glutathione S-Transferase 3 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 1q23.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 4259 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4259 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000143149 |
| UniProt ID | O14880 |
| OMIM ID | 604564 |
| HGNC ID | 7062 |
| Aliases | GST-III, MGST3, microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 |
Description
MGST3 encodes microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3, a member of the MAPEG (Membrane Associated Proteins in Eicosanoid and Glutathione metabolism) family. This enzyme catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione to electrophilic substrates, playing a critical role in detoxification of xenobiotics and protection against oxidative stress. It is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and outer mitochondrial membrane.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer (various types) | Altered MGST3 expression may affect cellular detoxification capacity and resistance to chemotherapy | COSMIC database reports somatic mutations in multiple cancer types; ClinVar lists variants associated with drug response |
| Oxidative stress-related disorders | Impaired glutathione conjugation may exacerbate cellular damage | Inferred from functional studies; no direct OMIM disease association |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Liver | 12.5 | Medium |
| Kidney | 8.3 | Medium |
| Lung | 6.1 | Low |
| Brain | 4.2 | Low |
| Heart | 3.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HepG2 | 15.2 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line |
| A549 | 7.8 | Lung adenocarcinoma cell line |
| HEK293 | 5.4 | Embryonic kidney cells |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.313G>A (p.Gly105Ser) | Missense | 0.01% (gnomAD) | Unknown functional impact |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | Start loss | Rare | Likely loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Start loss mutations (e.g., p.Met1?) are predicted to abolish protein translation.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations reported.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • glutathione transferase activity (GO:0004364) | • mitochondrion (GO:0005739) |
| • endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783) | • glutathione metabolic process (GO:0006749) |
| • transferase activity (GO:0016740) |
Pathways
• Glutathione metabolism (Reactome: R-HSA-156590)
• Phase II conjugation (Reactome: R-HSA-156580)
Protein Summary
MGST3 is a 152-amino acid membrane-bound protein (17 kDa) belonging to the MAPEG family. It forms homotrimers and catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione to a wide range of hydrophobic electrophiles. The protein has three transmembrane domains and is anchored in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial outer membrane. Its active site contains a conserved cysteine residue (Cys49) essential for catalytic activity.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MGST3 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ5211 | Human | 4259 | Details Get a Quote |
| MGST3 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ26985 | Human | 4259 | Details Get a Quote |
| MGST3 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ28217 | Human | 4259 | Details Get a Quote |
| MGST3 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ28218 | Human | 4259 | Details Get a Quote |
