METRNL: Meteorin-like, Glial Cell Differentiation Regulator
Comprehensive gene card for METRNL, a secreted protein involved in energy homeostasis, inflammation, and neuroprotection.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | METRNL |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Meteorin-like, glial cell differentiation regulator |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 17q25.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 284207 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/284207 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000176890 |
| UniProt ID | Q641Q3 |
| OMIM ID | 615938 |
| HGNC ID | 28312 |
| Aliases | Meteorin-like, Subfatin, Cometin |
Description
METRNL (Meteorin-like) is a secreted protein that belongs to the meteorin family. It is expressed in various tissues including adipose tissue, muscle, and the central nervous system. METRNL plays a role in energy homeostasis, glucose metabolism, anti-inflammatory responses, and neuroprotection. It is considered an adipokine and myokine that can modulate immune cell function and promote browning of white adipose tissue.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Obesity | METRNL expression is altered in adipose tissue; may influence energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity. | PMID: 25278556 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | Reduced METRNL levels correlate with insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism. | PMID: 25278556 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | METRNL has anti-inflammatory effects in the gut; reduced expression associated with colitis. | PMID: 27506792 |
| Neurodegenerative Diseases | METRNL promotes neuronal survival and differentiation; potential role in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. | PMID: 29429978 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Adipose tissue | 12.5 | Medium |
| Skeletal muscle | 8.3 | Low |
| Brain | 6.7 | Low |
| Heart | 5.1 | Low |
| Liver | 2.3 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Adipocytes (differentiated) | 15.2 | High expression in mature adipocytes |
| Skeletal muscle cells | 7.8 | Moderate expression |
| Neurons (SH-SY5Y) | 6.5 | Detectable expression |
| Macrophages (THP-1) | 4.1 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.331C>T (p.Arg111Cys) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional effect |
| c.487G>A (p.Gly163Ser) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional effect |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No confirmed loss-of-function mutations reported in METRNL.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported in METRNL.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations reported.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• AMPK signaling pathway
• PPAR signaling pathway
• Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
Protein Summary
METRNL is a 311-amino acid secreted protein with a signal peptide (residues 1-45). It contains a conserved meteorin domain. The protein is involved in regulating energy metabolism, promoting anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization, and supporting neuronal survival and differentiation. It is considered a potential therapeutic target for metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| METRNL Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ13447 | Human | 284207 | Details Get a Quote |
| METRNL Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ44216 | Human | 284207 | Details Get a Quote |
| METRNL Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ44218 | Human | 284207 | Details Get a Quote |
| METRNL Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ44219 | Human | 284207 | Details Get a Quote |
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