MED26: Mediator Complex Subunit 26
A key component of the Mediator complex involved in transcriptional regulation and RNA polymerase II initiation.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | MED26 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Mediator Complex Subunit 26 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 19p13.11 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 9441 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/9441 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000105085 |
| UniProt ID | O95402 |
| OMIM ID | 605043 |
| HGNC ID | 2375 |
| Aliases | CRSP7, CRSP70, DRIP70, ARC70, TRAP70, MED7 |
Description
MED26 encodes a subunit of the Mediator complex, a multiprotein coactivator that bridges transcription factors and RNA polymerase II. It is essential for transcriptional activation and regulation of gene expression. The protein contains a conserved domain that interacts with other Mediator subunits and is involved in the recruitment of the transcription preinitiation complex.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer (various) | Altered expression or mutations in MED26 may disrupt Mediator complex function, affecting transcription of growth-regulatory genes. | COSMIC; NCBI Gene |
| Neurodevelopmental disorders | Rare variants in MED26 have been implicated in intellectual disability and developmental delay, possibly due to impaired transcriptional regulation. | ClinVar; OMIM |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Testis | 15.2 | Medium |
| Brain (cerebral cortex) | 10.5 | Medium |
| Heart | 8.3 | Medium |
| Liver | 6.1 | Low |
| Kidney | 7.4 | Medium |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK 293 | 12.0 | Embryonic kidney cells |
| HeLa | 9.5 | Cervical cancer cells |
| K562 | 8.8 | Leukemia cells |
| HepG2 | 7.2 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | Missense | <0.01% | Potential loss of start codon, likely loss of function |
| c.100C>T (p.Arg34Trp) | Missense | <0.01% | May disrupt protein-protein interactions within Mediator complex |
| c.200_201del (p.Glu67fs) | Frameshift | <0.01% | Predicted loss of function due to premature truncation |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Frameshift and nonsense mutations likely lead to truncated or absent protein, impairing Mediator complex assembly and transcription.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not reported for MED26.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Missense mutations may produce a defective subunit that interferes with Mediator complex function, potentially acting in a dominant-negative manner.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • transcription coregulator activity (GO:0003712) | • transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter (GO:0006367) |
| • nucleoplasm (GO:0005654) | • mediator complex (GO:0016592) |
Pathways
• Transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II (Reactome: R-HSA-75955)
• Formation of the preinitiation complex (Reactome: R-HSA-75953)
Protein Summary
MED26 is a 70 kDa protein that localizes to the nucleus and is a stable component of the Mediator complex. It contains a conserved N-terminal domain that mediates interactions with other Mediator subunits (e.g., MED7, MED21) and is required for the complex's structural integrity. The protein plays a critical role in bridging transcription factors and RNA polymerase II, facilitating the initiation of transcription. Post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, may regulate its activity.
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