LTB (Lymphotoxin Beta) Gene

Cytokine and TNF Superfamily Member Involved in Immune Regulation and Lymphoid Organogenesis

Gene Information Card

Symbol LTB
Full Name Lymphotoxin Beta
Gene Type Protein coding
Chromosomal Location 6p21.33
NCBI Gene ID 4050 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4050
Ensembl ID ENSG00000204490
UniProt ID Q06643
OMIM ID 600978
HGNC ID 6711
Aliases LT-B, TNFC, TNFSF3, p33

Description

The LTB gene encodes lymphotoxin beta, a type II transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. It forms a heterotrimer with lymphotoxin alpha (LTA) to produce the membrane-bound lymphotoxin-alpha1/beta2 complex, which signals through the LTBR receptor. LTB is critical for the development and organization of secondary lymphoid organs, including lymph nodes and Peyer's patches, and plays a role in immune cell trafficking and inflammation.

Disease Associations

Disease category Pathophysiological mechanism Genomic evidence
Lymphoid organogenesis defects Loss of LTB function disrupts LTBR signaling, impairing lymph node and Peyer's patch development Mouse models; human genetic studies (OMIM #600978)
Multiple sclerosis LTB polymorphisms associated with increased risk; involvement in CNS inflammation GWAS studies (NCBI Gene)
Rheumatoid arthritis LTB expression elevated in synovial tissue; contributes to chronic inflammation Expression studies (UniProt)
Cancer (various) LTB overexpression in certain tumors may promote immune evasion and metastasis COSMIC database

Expression Profile

Tissue Expression
Tissue nTPM level
Lymph node 12.5 High
Spleen 10.8 High
Appendix 8.2 Medium
Bone marrow 6.1 Medium
Lung 3.4 Low
Cell Line Expression
Cell Line nTPM Notes
Jurkat (T-cell leukemia) 15.2 High expression
Raji (Burkitt lymphoma) 12.0 High expression
HeLa (cervical carcinoma) 2.1 Low expression
HEK293 (embryonic kidney) 0.8 Very low expression
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）

Mutations & Variants

Hotspot Mutations
Variant Type Frequency Functional Description
c.1A>G (p.Met1?) Missense <0.01% Likely loss of function; start codon loss
c.214C>T (p.Arg72Cys) Missense <0.01% Unknown; rare variant in ClinVar
c.373G>A (p.Gly125Ser) Missense <0.01% Reported in COSMIC; potential impact on protein stability
Mutation functional classification

Loss of Function (LOF)

Mutations affecting the start codon or critical residues in the transmembrane domain likely impair protein expression or heterotrimer formation, leading to loss of LTBR signaling.

Gain of Function (GOF)

Not well documented; no known gain-of-function mutations reported in LTB.

Dominant Negative (DN)

Truncated or misfolded LTB variants could interfere with heterotrimer assembly, potentially exerting a dominant-negative effect on LTA/LTB complex function.
View complete mutation data：
ClinVar：https://www.clinvar.com/gene/4050
COSMIC：https://cancer.sanger.ac.uk/cosmic/gene/analysis?ln=LTB

Gene Ontology (GO)

• cytokine activity (GO:0005125) • tumor necrosis factor receptor binding (GO:0005164)
• immune response (GO:0006955) • signal transduction (GO:0007165)
• plasma membrane (GO:0005886) • extracellular space (GO:0005615)

Pathways

• TNF signaling pathway (KEGG hsa04668)
• Lymphotoxin beta receptor signaling (Reactome R-HSA-5668541)
• Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (KEGG hsa04060)

Protein Summary

Lymphotoxin beta (UniProt Q06643) is a 244-amino acid type II transmembrane protein with a short cytoplasmic domain, a transmembrane region, and an extracellular TNF homology domain. It forms a heterotrimer with lymphotoxin alpha (LTA) to create the membrane-bound LTA1/LTB2 complex, which binds to the LTBR receptor. This interaction activates NF-kB and other signaling pathways, regulating lymphoid organogenesis, immune cell survival, and inflammation. The protein is predominantly expressed in lymphoid tissues and activated lymphocytes.

Related Services

Knockout Cell Line
Point Mutation Cell Line
Knock-In Cell Line
Overexpression Cell Line
Knockdown Cell Line
Reporter Cell Line
Knock-in Tag
iPSC Gene Editing

Related Products

Product name Cat.No. Species Gene ID
LTBP1 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line EDJ-KQ389 Human 4052 Details Get a Quote
LTB Knockout HEK293 Cell Line EDJ-KQ572 Human 4050 Details Get a Quote
LTBR Knockout HEK293 Cell Line EDJ-KQ573 Human 4055 Details Get a Quote
LTBP3 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line EDJ-KQ2270 Human 4054 Details Get a Quote
LTB4R Knockout HEK293 Cell Line EDJ-KQ4301 Human 1241 Details Get a Quote
LTBP2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line EDJ-KQ5149 Human 4053 Details Get a Quote
LTBP4 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line EDJ-KQ6235 Human 8425 Details Get a Quote
LTBP1 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line EDJ-KQ17982 Human 4052 Details Get a Quote
LTBR Knockout A-549 Cell Line EDJ-KQ18967 Human 4055 Details Get a Quote
LTBR Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line EDJ-KQ18968 Human 4055 Details Get a Quote
LTBR Knockout HeLa Cell Line EDJ-KQ18969 Human 4055 Details Get a Quote
LTBP2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line EDJ-KQ28120 Human 4053 Details Get a Quote
LTBP2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line EDJ-KQ28122 Human 4053 Details Get a Quote
LTBP4 Knockout A-549 Cell Line EDJ-KQ30081 Human 8425 Details Get a Quote
LTBP4 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line EDJ-KQ30082 Human 8425 Details Get a Quote

Reference Databases

NCBI Gene https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4050
OMIM https://www.omim.org/entry/600978
HGNC https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/HGNC:6711
Ensembl https://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?g=ENSG00000204490
UniProt https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q06643
ClinVar https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/?term=LTB%5Bgene%5D
COSMIC https://cancer.sanger.ac.uk/cosmic/gene/analysis?ln=LTB
Contact Us
*
*
*
How did you hear about us：
✖ service online