JUNB: A Key Transcription Factor in Cell Proliferation and Differentiation
Comprehensive genomic and functional overview of the JUNB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | JUNB |
|---|---|
| Full Name | JunB proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 19p13.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 3726 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/3726 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000171223 |
| UniProt ID | P17275 |
| OMIM ID | 165161 |
| HGNC ID | 6205 |
| Aliases | AP-1, Jun-B |
Description
JUNB encodes a member of the Jun family of transcription factors, which dimerize with Fos proteins to form the AP-1 complex. This complex regulates gene expression in response to a variety of stimuli, including growth factors, cytokines, and stress signals. JUNB plays critical roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and is implicated in several cancers and inflammatory diseases.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Myeloid leukemia | JUNB overexpression or aberrant splicing contributes to leukemogenesis by altering AP-1 target gene expression | COSMIC, NCBI |
| Breast cancer | JUNB amplification and overexpression promote tumor growth and metastasis | COSMIC, NCBI |
| Psoriasis | JUNB downregulation in keratinocytes leads to abnormal epidermal proliferation and inflammation | NCBI, OMIM |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | JUNB dysregulation in synovial fibroblasts contributes to joint inflammation and destruction | NCBI |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Bone marrow | 12.5 | Medium |
| Lymph node | 8.3 | Low |
| Skin | 15.2 | Medium |
| Lung | 6.7 | Low |
| Colon | 9.1 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| K562 (leukemia) | 18.4 | High expression |
| HeLa (cervical) | 11.2 | Medium expression |
| A549 (lung) | 7.8 | Low expression |
| MCF7 (breast) | 14.6 | Medium expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G | Missense | <1% | Unknown functional impact |
| c.100C>T | Nonsense | <1% | Predicted loss of function |
| c.200_201insA | Frameshift | <1% | Loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Nonsense and frameshift mutations that truncate the protein, reducing AP-1 transcriptional activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well documented; some missense variants may enhance dimerization or DNA binding.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not reported for JUNB.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• AP-1 transcription factor network
• MAPK signaling pathway
• TNF signaling pathway
• IL-17 signaling pathway
Protein Summary
JUNB is a 347-amino acid protein containing a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain that mediates dimerization with Fos proteins and DNA binding. It is predominantly nuclear and acts as a transcriptional activator or repressor depending on the cellular context. Post-translational modifications include phosphorylation by MAP kinases, which regulate its stability and activity.
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