IL13 Gene - Interleukin 13
Cytokine in allergic inflammation and asthma
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | IL13 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Interleukin 13 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 5q31.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 3596 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/3596 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000169194 |
| UniProt ID | P35225 |
| OMIM ID | 147683 |
| HGNC ID | 5973 |
| Aliases | IL-13, NC30 |
Description
IL13 (interleukin 13) is a cytokine secreted by T helper type 2 (Th2) cells, mast cells, and natural killer T cells. It plays a central role in allergic inflammation, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and host defense against parasitic infections. IL13 signals through the IL13 receptor complex (IL13RA1/IL4R or IL13RA2) to induce IgE class switching, mucus hypersecretion, airway hyperresponsiveness, and fibrosis.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Asthma | IL13 promotes airway inflammation, mucus production, and bronchial hyperreactivity | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Atopic dermatitis | IL13 overexpression drives skin barrier dysfunction and pruritus | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Allergic rhinitis | IL13 enhances IgE production and eosinophil recruitment | ClinVar |
| Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | IL13 stimulates fibroblast activation and collagen deposition | NCBI Gene, OMIM |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Lung | 0.3 | Low |
| Spleen | 0.2 | Low |
| Lymph node | 0.1 | Low |
| Bone marrow | 0.1 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Th2 cells (activated) | High | Primary source of IL13 |
| Mast cells | Moderate | Allergic response |
| NK T cells | Moderate | Innate immunity |
| Basophils | Low | Allergic inflammation |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| rs20541 (R130Q) | missense | ~20% (global) | Increased IL13 activity; associated with asthma and atopy |
| rs1800925 (-1112C/T) | promoter variant | ~15% (global) | Altered transcription; linked to asthma risk |
| rs2069743 (A78T) | missense | <1% | Rare; functional impact unclear |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No well-characterized loss-of-function variants reported in IL13.
Gain of Function (GOF)
rs20541 (R130Q) is a gain-of-function variant that enhances IL13 signaling and is associated with increased asthma risk.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations described for IL13.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• KEGG hsa04630: JAK-STAT signaling pathway
• KEGG hsa05310: Asthma
• KEGG hsa04657: IL-17 signaling pathway
• Reactome R-HSA-6785807: Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling
Protein Summary
Interleukin 13 (UniProt P35225) is a 132-amino-acid secreted cytokine with a four-helix bundle structure. It binds to the IL13 receptor complex (IL13RA1/IL4R) to activate JAK-STAT6 signaling, promoting Th2-type immune responses. IL13 also binds with high affinity to IL13RA2, a decoy receptor that modulates its activity. The protein is a key therapeutic target in asthma and atopic diseases.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL13RA1 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ483 | Human | 3597 | Details Get a Quote |
| IL13RA2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ484 | Human | 3598 | Details Get a Quote |
| IL13 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ17723 | Human | 3596 | Details Get a Quote |
| IL13RA1 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ17948 | Human | 3597 | Details Get a Quote |
| IL13RA1 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ18795 | Human | 3597 | Details Get a Quote |
| IL13RA1 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ18796 | Human | 3597 | Details Get a Quote |
| IL13 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ53651 | Human | 3596 | Details Get a Quote |
| IL13RA2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ53652 | Human | 3598 | Details Get a Quote |
| IL13 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62126 | Human | 3596 | Details Get a Quote |
| IL13RA2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62127 | Human | 3598 | Details Get a Quote |
| IL13 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ70615 | Human | 3596 | Details Get a Quote |
| IL13RA2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ70616 | Human | 3598 | Details Get a Quote |
