HSPA2: Heat Shock Protein Family A (Hsp70) Member 2
A molecular chaperone involved in protein folding, stress response, and spermatogenesis
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | HSPA2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Heat Shock Protein Family A (Hsp70) Member 2 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 14q23.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 3306 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/3306 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000126803 |
| UniProt ID | P54652 |
| OMIM ID | 140580 |
| HGNC ID | 5235 |
| Aliases | HSP70-2, HSP70.2, HSP70-3, HSPA2A |
Description
HSPA2 encodes a member of the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) family, a molecular chaperone that assists in protein folding, assembly, and transport under normal and stress conditions. It is constitutively expressed in testis and plays a critical role in spermatogenesis, particularly in the formation of the synaptonemal complex during meiosis. HSPA2 is also implicated in cancer progression and neurodegenerative diseases.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Male infertility (spermatogenic failure) | HSPA2 deficiency disrupts meiotic chromosome synapsis and spermatid maturation | OMIM #140580; multiple case-control studies |
| Breast cancer | Overexpression of HSPA2 promotes cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis | COSMIC; PMID: 25605248 |
| Lung cancer | Upregulation correlates with poor prognosis and chemoresistance | COSMIC; PMID: 28411373 |
| Prostate cancer | HSPA2 expression associated with androgen receptor signaling and metastasis | COSMIC; PMID: 29533785 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Testis | 78.5 | High |
| Fallopian tube | 12.3 | Medium |
| Prostate | 8.7 | Medium |
| Breast | 5.2 | Low |
| Lung | 4.1 | Low |
| Brain | 1.8 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| NTERA-2 (embryonal carcinoma) | 45.2 | High expression |
| MCF7 (breast cancer) | 22.1 | Moderate expression |
| A549 (lung cancer) | 18.6 | Moderate expression |
| PC-3 (prostate cancer) | 15.4 | Moderate expression |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 6.3 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | Missense | <0.01% | Loss of start codon; likely loss of function |
| c.632C>T (p.Thr211Ile) | Missense | 0.02% | Altered chaperone activity; associated with male infertility |
| c.1024G>A (p.Glu342Lys) | Missense | 0.01% | Reduced ATPase activity; found in breast cancer |
| c.1532T>C (p.Ile511Thr) | Missense | 0.03% | Unknown functional effect |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Mutations that disrupt the ATPase domain or start codon (e.g., p.Met1?) lead to impaired chaperone activity and are linked to spermatogenic failure.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Overexpression or activating mutations (e.g., p.Glu342Lys) may enhance pro-survival signaling in cancer cells.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No well-characterized dominant-negative mutations reported in HSPA2.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • ATP binding (GO:0005524) | • protein folding (GO:0006457) |
| • response to heat (GO:0009408) | • ubiquitin protein ligase binding (GO:0031625) |
| • unfolded protein binding (GO:0051082) | • spermatogenesis (GO:0007283) |
| • cytoplasm (GO:0005737) | • nucleus (GO:0005634) |
Pathways
• Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum (KEGG: hsa04141)
• Heat shock response (Reactome: R-HSA-3371556)
• Chaperone-mediated autophagy (Reactome: R-HSA-9613829)
Protein Summary
HSPA2 is a 70 kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70 family member) encoded by the HSPA2 gene. It functions as an ATP-dependent molecular chaperone, binding to exposed hydrophobic patches of unfolded or misfolded proteins to prevent aggregation and facilitate proper folding. In the testis, HSPA2 is essential for meiotic progression and spermatid maturation. In cancer, its overexpression correlates with tumor progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance. The protein contains an N-terminal ATPase domain and a C-terminal substrate-binding domain.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HSPA2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ672 | Human | 3306 | Details Get a Quote |
| HSPA2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ18110 | Human | 3306 | Details Get a Quote |
| HSPA2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ19203 | Human | 3306 | Details Get a Quote |
| HSPA2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ19204 | Human | 3306 | Details Get a Quote |
