GSTO2: Glutathione S-Transferase Omega 2
A member of the omega class glutathione S-transferase family involved in cellular detoxification and redox homeostasis.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | GSTO2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Glutathione S-Transferase Omega 2 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 10q25.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 119391 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/119391 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000165637 |
| UniProt ID | Q9H4Y5 |
| OMIM ID | 612314 |
| HGNC ID | 16818 |
| Aliases | GSTO2-1, GSTO2-2, MGC10798 |
Description
GSTO2 (Glutathione S-Transferase Omega 2) is a protein-coding gene that encodes a member of the omega class of glutathione S-transferases. The enzyme catalyzes the conjugation of reduced glutathione to a variety of electrophilic compounds, playing a role in cellular detoxification, oxidative stress response, and modulation of calcium release from ryanodine receptors. GSTO2 is expressed in multiple tissues and has been implicated in cancer susceptibility, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory conditions.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer (various types) | Altered GSTO2 expression may affect detoxification of carcinogens and oxidative stress response, influencing tumor progression and drug resistance. | COSMIC; NCBI Gene; ClinVar |
| Alzheimer's disease | GSTO2 polymorphisms may modulate oxidative stress and calcium signaling, contributing to neurodegeneration. | NCBI Gene; OMIM |
| Parkinson's disease | Variants in GSTO2 have been associated with altered risk, possibly through impaired detoxification of neurotoxins. | NCBI Gene; OMIM |
| Asthma | GSTO2 expression changes may influence inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in airway epithelium. | NCBI Gene |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Liver | 12.5 | Medium |
| Kidney | 8.3 | Medium |
| Lung | 6.1 | Low |
| Brain | 4.2 | Low |
| Heart | 3.8 | Low |
| Testis | 15.7 | High |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HepG2 | 14.2 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line |
| A549 | 7.8 | Lung adenocarcinoma cell line |
| HEK293 | 5.3 | Embryonic kidney cells |
| SH-SY5Y | 4.1 | Neuroblastoma cell line |
| MCF7 | 6.9 | Breast cancer cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.424A>G (p.Asn142Asp) | Missense | 0.5% (gnomAD) | May alter enzyme activity; associated with altered risk in Parkinson's disease |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1Val) | Missense (start loss) | 0.1% (gnomAD) | Likely loss of function; potential impact on protein expression |
| c.155C>T (p.Pro52Leu) | Missense | 0.2% (gnomAD) | Unknown functional effect; rare variant |
| c.313G>A (p.Gly105Ser) | Missense | 0.3% (gnomAD) | May affect substrate binding; reported in COSMIC |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Start loss variant (p.Met1Val) and nonsense variants are predicted to result in loss of enzyme activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported in GSTO2.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No evidence of dominant-negative effects for GSTO2 mutations.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Glutathione metabolism (Reactome: R-HSA-156590)
• Phase II conjugation (Reactome: R-HSA-156580)
• Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species (Reactome: R-HSA-3299685)
Protein Summary
GSTO2 is a 243-amino acid protein belonging to the omega class glutathione S-transferases. It functions as a homodimer, catalyzing the conjugation of glutathione to electrophilic substrates, and also exhibits thioltransferase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities. The protein is involved in cellular detoxification, redox regulation, and modulation of ryanodine receptor-mediated calcium signaling. GSTO2 is widely expressed, with highest levels in testis, liver, and kidney. Structural studies reveal a conserved GSH-binding site and a C-terminal domain that contributes to substrate specificity.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GSTO2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ7639 | Human | 119391 | Details Get a Quote |
| GSTO2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ32996 | Human | 119391 | Details Get a Quote |
| GSTO2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ32997 | Human | 119391 | Details Get a Quote |
| GSTO2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ32998 | Human | 119391 | Details Get a Quote |
