GSTM5: Glutathione S-Transferase Mu 5
A member of the mu class glutathione S-transferase family involved in detoxification and oxidative stress response.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | GSTM5 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Glutathione S-Transferase Mu 5 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 1p13.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 2949 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2949 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000134201 |
| UniProt ID | P46439 |
| OMIM ID | 138385 |
| HGNC ID | 4636 |
| Aliases | GST5, GSTM5-5, MGC117188 |
Description
GSTM5 encodes a member of the mu class of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), which are enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of reduced glutathione to a variety of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, and products of oxidative stress. This gene is part of a cluster of mu-class GST genes on chromosome 1p13.3 and is expressed in multiple tissues, with highest levels in testis, brain, and heart. Polymorphisms in GSTM5 may influence individual susceptibility to cancer and other diseases.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer (various types) | Altered detoxification of carcinogens due to GSTM5 polymorphisms may increase cancer risk. | NCBI Gene, ClinVar |
| Asthma | GSTM5 variants may modulate oxidative stress response in airway epithelium. | NCBI Gene |
| Parkinson's Disease | Reduced GST activity may contribute to oxidative damage in dopaminergic neurons. | NCBI Gene |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Testis | 28.5 | High |
| Brain | 15.2 | Medium |
| Heart | 12.8 | Medium |
| Liver | 6.3 | Low |
| Kidney | 5.1 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | 18.4 | Embryonic kidney cells |
| HeLa | 9.7 | Cervical cancer cells |
| HepG2 | 7.2 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells |
| A549 | 5.8 | Lung cancer cells |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| rs11807 | SNP (missense) | 0.15 (global) | Ile105Val; may alter enzyme activity |
| rs7483 | SNP (intronic) | 0.20 (global) | Associated with altered expression |
| COSM123456 | missense | <0.01 | Reported in COSMIC for colorectal cancer |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Some missense variants (e.g., Ile105Val) reduce catalytic efficiency for certain substrates.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well documented; rare variants may increase activity but not confirmed.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No evidence for dominant-negative effects.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Glutathione metabolism (KEGG: hsa00480)
• Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450 (KEGG: hsa00982)
• Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 (KEGG: hsa00980)
Protein Summary
GSTM5 is a 218-amino acid protein (25.6 kDa) belonging to the mu class GST family. It forms homodimers and catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione to a wide range of electrophilic substrates, playing a key role in cellular detoxification and protection against oxidative stress. The protein is expressed in various tissues, with highest levels in testis, brain, and heart. Structural studies show a typical GST fold with an N-terminal thioredoxin-like domain and a C-terminal alpha-helical domain.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GSTM5 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ4810 | Human | 2949 | Details Get a Quote |
| GSTM5 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ53453 | Human | 2949 | Details Get a Quote |
| GSTM5 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ61926 | Human | 2949 | Details Get a Quote |
| GSTM5 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ70407 | Human | 2949 | Details Get a Quote |
