GPR84: G Protein-Coupled Receptor 84
A pro-inflammatory receptor implicated in fibrosis, cancer, and metabolic disorders
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | GPR84 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | G protein-coupled receptor 84 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 12q13.13 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 53831 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/53831 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000139572 |
| UniProt ID | Q9NQS5 |
| OMIM ID | 606383 |
| HGNC ID | 4534 |
| Aliases | EX33, GPCR4, MGC119331 |
Description
GPR84 is a G protein-coupled receptor that is predominantly expressed in immune cells (neutrophils, macrophages) and adipose tissue. It is activated by medium-chain fatty acids (e.g., capric acid) and plays a role in pro-inflammatory signaling, phagocytosis, and metabolic regulation. GPR84 has been implicated in fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and certain cancers.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Inflammatory bowel disease | GPR84 activation promotes macrophage-mediated inflammation | PMID: 29262374 |
| Pulmonary fibrosis | GPR84 signaling in fibroblasts drives fibrotic remodeling | PMID: 32029634 |
| Obesity and insulin resistance | GPR84 expression in adipose tissue correlates with metabolic dysfunction | PMID: 28877952 |
| Colorectal cancer | GPR84 overexpression linked to tumor progression and poor prognosis | PMID: 31570863 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Bone marrow | 12.5 | Medium |
| Spleen | 8.3 | Medium |
| Adipose tissue | 6.1 | Low |
| Lung | 4.2 | Low |
| Small intestine | 3.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| THP-1 (monocyte) | 15.2 | High expression after PMA differentiation |
| HL-60 (neutrophil) | 10.5 | Moderate expression |
| A549 (lung epithelial) | 2.1 | Low baseline expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.344G>A (p.Arg115His) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional impact |
| c.682C>T (p.Arg228Cys) | Missense | <0.01% | Potential loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
p.Arg228Cys may impair receptor activation or trafficking
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not described
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• GPCR downstream signaling (R-HSA-372790)
• Innate immune system (R-HSA-168249)
• Fatty acid metabolism (R-HSA-8978868)
Protein Summary
GPR84 is a 396-amino acid transmembrane receptor that couples to Gi/o proteins. Upon activation by medium-chain fatty acids (C10-C14), it stimulates ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt pathways, leading to enhanced phagocytosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. The receptor is a potential therapeutic target for fibrotic and inflammatory diseases.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GPR84 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ3466 | Human | 53831 | Details Get a Quote |
| GPR84 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ56382 | Human | 53831 | Details Get a Quote |
| GPR84 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ64873 | Human | 53831 | Details Get a Quote |
| GPR84 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ73318 | Human | 53831 | Details Get a Quote |
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