GNG13
G Protein Subunit Gamma 13
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | GNG13 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | G Protein Subunit Gamma 13 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 16p13.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 51764 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/51764 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000161980 |
| UniProt ID | Q9P2W3 |
| OMIM ID | 608896 |
| HGNC ID | 4415 |
| Aliases | GNGT13, Ggamma13 |
Description
GNG13 encodes the gamma-13 subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins. This subunit is predominantly expressed in taste receptor cells and is involved in gustatory signal transduction, particularly in sweet, bitter, and umami taste perception. It forms a functional dimer with Gbeta subunits and interacts with gustducin alpha subunits to mediate downstream signaling via phospholipase C beta2.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Taste disorders (ageusia, hypogeusia) | Altered GNG13 expression or function disrupts taste transduction cascades | PMID: 12511957; OMIM 608896 |
| Obesity (potential association) | Polymorphisms in taste signaling genes may influence dietary preferences and energy intake | PMID: 19557196 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Tongue (taste buds) | 45.2 | High |
| Testis | 2.1 | Low |
| Brain (cerebellum) | 1.5 | Low |
| Adipose tissue | 0.8 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | 0.3 | Minimal endogenous expression |
| Taste bud-derived cells (HTC-8) | 38.7 | High expression; used in taste signaling studies |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.112G>A (p.Gly38Arg) | Missense | <0.01% (gnomAD) | Predicted to impair Gbeta-gamma dimer formation; functional impact unknown |
| c.205C>T (p.Arg69Trp) | Missense | <0.01% (gnomAD) | Located in C-terminal domain; may affect receptor coupling |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No confirmed loss-of-function variants reported in ClinVar or COSMIC.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations described.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not documented.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • G protein activity (GO:0003925) | • signal transducer activity (GO:0004871) |
| • G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007186) | • response to stimulus (taste) (GO:0050896) |
| • G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex (GO:0031683) |
Pathways
• Taste transduction (KEGG: hsa04742)
• GPCR downstream signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-388396)
Protein Summary
GNG13 is a 68-amino acid gamma subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins. It is highly expressed in taste buds and forms a stable complex with Gbeta1 or Gbeta3. The Gbeta-gamma dimer activates phospholipase C beta2, leading to IP3 production and calcium release in taste receptor cells. GNG13 is essential for normal taste perception and is a key component of the gustducin signaling pathway.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GNG13 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ51345 | Human | 51764 | Details Get a Quote |
| GNG13 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ56359 | Human | 51764 | Details Get a Quote |
| GNG13 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ64849 | Human | 51764 | Details Get a Quote |
| GNG13 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ73293 | Human | 51764 | Details Get a Quote |
