FPR2: Formyl Peptide Receptor 2
A key mediator of inflammation and host defense, implicated in Alzheimer's disease and cancer.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | FPR2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 19q13.41 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 2358 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2358 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000171049 |
| UniProt ID | P25090 |
| OMIM ID | 136538 |
| HGNC ID | 3827 |
| Aliases | ALXR, FMLP-R-II, FPR2A, FPRL1, HM63, LXA4R |
Description
FPR2 (Formyl Peptide Receptor 2) is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds formyl peptides and lipoxin A4, playing a dual role in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signaling. It is involved in host defense, chemotaxis, and resolution of inflammation. The gene is located on chromosome 19q13.41 and is expressed in neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages. FPR2 is implicated in Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and inflammatory disorders.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Alzheimer's disease | FPR2 mediates amyloid-beta peptide uptake and clearance by microglia, but chronic activation may contribute to neuroinflammation. | PMID: 10899903, 15689449 |
| Cancer (various) | FPR2 expression on tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages promotes angiogenesis, invasion, and immune evasion via formyl peptide signaling. | PMID: 19179464, 21502544 |
| Sepsis | FPR2 activation by bacterial formyl peptides triggers neutrophil chemotaxis and cytokine release, contributing to systemic inflammation. | PMID: 10623794 |
| Atherosclerosis | FPR2 on macrophages binds modified LDL and promotes foam cell formation and plaque progression. | PMID: 14679187 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Bone Marrow | 12.5 | Medium |
| Spleen | 8.3 | Medium |
| Lung | 6.1 | Low |
| Whole Blood | 5.4 | Low |
| Liver | 1.2 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HL-60 (neutrophil-like) | 15.2 | Differentiated with DMSO |
| THP-1 (monocyte) | 10.8 | Basal expression |
| U937 (macrophage) | 9.5 | After PMA stimulation |
| HEK293 | 0.3 | Very low endogenous |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1Val) | Missense | <0.01% | Loss of start codon; likely loss of function |
| c.337C>T (p.Arg113Trp) | Missense | <0.01% | Reduced ligand binding affinity |
| c.682G>A (p.Gly228Arg) | Missense | <0.01% | Altered receptor trafficking |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Mutations that impair ligand binding or receptor expression (e.g., p.Met1Val, p.Arg113Trp) are classified as loss-of-function.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported in FPR2.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations described for FPR2.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Formyl peptide receptors bind formyl peptides and many other ligands (Reactome: R-HSA-444473)
• Lipoxin signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-9013405)
• GPCR downstream signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-388396)
Protein Summary
FPR2 is a 351-amino acid G protein-coupled receptor with seven transmembrane domains. It is activated by N-formyl peptides (e.g., fMLF), lipoxin A4, and amyloid-beta. The receptor couples primarily to Gi/o proteins, leading to calcium mobilization, MAPK activation, and chemotaxis. FPR2 is expressed on myeloid cells and plays a key role in both pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving responses.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FPR2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ4623 | Human | 2358 | Details Get a Quote |
| FPR2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ53264 | Human | 2358 | Details Get a Quote |
| FPR2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ61747 | Human | 2358 | Details Get a Quote |
| FPR2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ70232 | Human | 2358 | Details Get a Quote |
