EIF3A
Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 3 Subunit A
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | EIF3A |
|---|---|
| Full Name | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 10q26.11 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 8661 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8661 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000107625 |
| UniProt ID | Q14152 |
| OMIM ID | 602039 |
| HGNC ID | 3271 |
| Aliases | eIF3 p170, eIF3a, p167, TIF32, FLJ10726 |
Description
EIF3A encodes the largest subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3), a multiprotein complex essential for translation initiation. The eIF3 complex binds to the 40S ribosomal subunit and promotes the formation of the 43S pre-initiation complex, facilitating mRNA recruitment and scanning. EIF3A is involved in cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation, and its dysregulation is implicated in various cancers.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Breast cancer | Overexpression of EIF3A promotes translation of oncogenic mRNAs, enhancing cell proliferation | PMID: 21947297 |
| Lung cancer | Upregulation of EIF3A correlates with poor prognosis and increased tumor growth | PMID: 23593055 |
| Colorectal cancer | EIF3A overexpression contributes to enhanced translation of cyclin D1 and c-Myc | PMID: 24316981 |
| Ovarian cancer | EIF3A amplification associated with aggressive disease and chemoresistance | PMID: 25636845 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Testis | 42.3 | High |
| Lymph node | 35.1 | High |
| Bone marrow | 28.7 | Medium |
| Brain | 18.5 | Medium |
| Liver | 12.4 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HeLa | 45.2 | Cervical cancer cell line |
| A549 | 38.9 | Lung cancer cell line |
| MCF7 | 41.5 | Breast cancer cell line |
| HEK293 | 30.1 | Embryonic kidney cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1234C>T | Missense | 0.02% | p.Pro412Ser; unknown functional impact |
| c.2567A>G | Missense | 0.01% | p.Asn856Ser; predicted benign |
| c.3456_3457insA | Frameshift | <0.01% | p.Glu1153Argfs*5; loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Frameshift mutations leading to truncated protein and impaired translation initiation.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well characterized; overexpression in cancers suggests potential gain-of-function via increased oncogenic translation.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not reported for EIF3A.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • translation initiation factor activity | • RNA binding |
| • cytoplasm | • eukaryotic 43S preinitiation complex |
| • regulation of translational initiation |
Pathways
• Eukaryotic translation initiation
• mTOR signaling pathway
• PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
Protein Summary
EIF3A is a 170 kDa protein that serves as a scaffold for the eIF3 complex. It contains multiple protein-protein interaction domains, including a PCI domain, and interacts with eIF3 subunits and other initiation factors. The protein is essential for cap-dependent translation and is frequently overexpressed in cancers, where it drives translation of pro-proliferative mRNAs.
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