DPP8: Dipeptidyl Peptidase 8 – Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance
A comprehensive biomedical overview of DPP8, a serine protease involved in immune regulation, cell cycle control, and cancer biology.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | DPP8 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Dipeptidyl peptidase 8 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 15q22.31 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 54878 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/54878 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000137807 |
| UniProt ID | Q6V1X1 |
| OMIM ID | 609357 |
| HGNC ID | 30148 |
| Aliases | DPRP2, MSTP097, MSTP135, MSTP141 |
Description
DPP8 (dipeptidyl peptidase 8) encodes a serine protease belonging to the S9B family of dipeptidyl peptidases. The enzyme cleaves N-terminal dipeptides from peptides with proline or alanine at the penultimate position. DPP8 is ubiquitously expressed and plays roles in immune regulation, T-cell activation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. It is implicated in cancer, autoimmune diseases, and viral infections. DPP8 is a target for small-molecule inhibitors being explored in oncology and immunology.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer (various types) | Overexpression and altered activity promote cell proliferation and immune evasion | COSMIC, literature |
| Autoimmune disorders | DPP8 regulates T-cell activation and cytokine production; dysregulation linked to inflammation | Literature, UniProt |
| Viral infections | DPP8 modulates antiviral immune responses; potential host factor for HIV and coronaviruses | Literature |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Lymph node | 15.2 | Medium |
| Spleen | 12.8 | Medium |
| Bone marrow | 10.5 | Medium |
| Lung | 8.3 | Low |
| Liver | 6.1 | Low |
| Brain | 4.7 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| K-562 (leukemia) | 18.4 | High expression |
| HEK 293 (embryonic kidney) | 12.1 | Moderate expression |
| HeLa (cervical cancer) | 9.8 | Moderate expression |
| HepG2 (liver cancer) | 7.3 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1072C>T (p.Arg358Trp) | Missense | Rare | Unknown functional effect |
| c.1543G>A (p.Gly515Arg) | Missense | Rare | Unknown functional effect |
| c.1865_1866insA (p.Leu622fs) | Frameshift | Rare | Loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Frameshift mutations (e.g., p.Leu622fs) predicted to truncate the protein and abolish catalytic activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported in DPP8.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations described for DPP8.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• Immune system (Reactome: R-HSA-168256)
• Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) family signaling
• T-cell receptor signaling pathway
Protein Summary
DPP8 is a 882-amino-acid serine protease with a cytoplasmic/nuclear localization. It forms homodimers and exhibits dipeptidyl peptidase activity, cleaving N-terminal X-Pro or X-Ala dipeptides. The protein contains a catalytic triad (Ser, Asp, His) and is involved in immune modulation, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis. DPP8 is structurally similar to DPP4 and DPP9, but with distinct substrate specificity and cellular functions.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DPP8 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ13204 | Human | 54878 | Details Get a Quote |
| DPP8 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ41345 | Human | 54878 | Details Get a Quote |
| DPP8 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ42574 | Human | 54878 | Details Get a Quote |
| DPP8 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ42575 | Human | 54878 | Details Get a Quote |
