DCP2: Decapping mRNA 2, Catalytic Subunit
Key regulator of mRNA decay and post-transcriptional gene expression
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | DCP2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Decapping mRNA 2 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 5q22.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 167227 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/167227 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000172795 |
| UniProt ID | Q8IU60 |
| OMIM ID | 610382 |
| HGNC ID | 24514 |
| Aliases | NUDT20, hDcp2 |
Description
DCP2 (Decapping mRNA 2) encodes the catalytic subunit of the mRNA decapping complex, which removes the 5' cap from mRNAs, initiating their degradation. This process is essential for controlling mRNA stability, turnover, and quality control. DCP2 is a member of the Nudix hydrolase family and is conserved across eukaryotes.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly and seizures | Loss-of-function mutations impair mRNA decapping, leading to dysregulated gene expression | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Cancer (various types) | Altered DCP2 expression affects oncogene and tumor suppressor mRNA stability | COSMIC, PubMed |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Testis | 12.5 | High |
| Brain | 8.2 | Medium |
| Liver | 6.1 | Medium |
| Heart | 5.3 | Medium |
| Lung | 4.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | 9.1 | Embryonic kidney |
| HeLa | 7.4 | Cervical cancer |
| K562 | 6.8 | Leukemia |
| HepG2 | 5.9 | Liver cancer |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.100C>T (p.Arg34*) | Nonsense | Rare | Loss of function |
| c.457G>A (p.Gly153Arg) | Missense | Rare | Impaired catalytic activity |
| c.742_743del (p.Leu248fs) | Frameshift | Rare | Loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Most reported DCP2 mutations are loss-of-function, reducing or abolishing decapping activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No gain-of-function mutations have been reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations have been described.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • RNA 5'-cap binding (GO:0000340) | • mRNA binding (GO:0003729) |
| • nuclease activity (GO:0004518) | • cytoplasm (GO:0005737) |
| • mRNA decapping complex (GO:0031087) | • deadenylation-dependent decapping of nuclear-transcribed mRNA (GO:0000290) |
Pathways
• mRNA decay pathway (Reactome: R-HSA-429958)
• Deadenylation-dependent mRNA decay (Reactome: R-HSA-429947)
Protein Summary
DCP2 is a 420-amino acid protein (47 kDa) containing a Nudix hydrolase domain that catalyzes the cleavage of the 5' mRNA cap, releasing m7GDP and a 5'-monophosphate RNA. It functions as part of the DCP1-DCP2 complex and is regulated by multiple cofactors. The protein is localized to processing bodies (P-bodies) in the cytoplasm.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DCP2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ12335 | Human | 167227 | Details Get a Quote |
| DCP2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ42412 | Human | 167227 | Details Get a Quote |
| DCP2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ42413 | Human | 167227 | Details Get a Quote |
| DCP2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ42414 | Human | 167227 | Details Get a Quote |
