CXCR3: C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 3
A key chemokine receptor in immune cell trafficking, inflammation, and cancer
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | CXCR3 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | Xq13.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 2833 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2833 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000186810 |
| UniProt ID | P49682 |
| OMIM ID | 300574 |
| HGNC ID | 4540 |
| Aliases | CD183, CKR-L2, CMKAR3, GPR9, IP10-R, Mig-R |
Description
CXCR3 (C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that binds chemokines CXCL9 (MIG), CXCL10 (IP-10), and CXCL11 (I-TAC). It is predominantly expressed on activated T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and some epithelial cells. CXCR3 plays a critical role in immune cell trafficking, inflammation, and host defense. It is also implicated in autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection, and cancer progression.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) | CXCR3-mediated recruitment of T cells to intestinal mucosa promotes chronic inflammation | ClinVar, NCBI GeneRIF |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | CXCR3+ T cell infiltration into synovium drives joint inflammation | NCBI GeneRIF |
| Multiple sclerosis | CXCR3 ligands upregulated in CNS lesions; receptor involved in T cell migration across blood-brain barrier | NCBI GeneRIF |
| Graft-versus-host disease | CXCR3 expression on donor T cells correlates with tissue homing and GVHD severity | ClinVar, NCBI GeneRIF |
| Breast cancer | CXCR3 signaling on tumor cells and immune cells modulates metastasis and immune evasion | COSMIC, NCBI GeneRIF |
| Melanoma | CXCR3 expression on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes associated with prognosis | COSMIC, NCBI GeneRIF |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Spleen | 12.5 | Medium |
| Lymph node | 15.3 | Medium |
| Appendix | 10.1 | Medium |
| Bone marrow | 8.7 | Low |
| Lung | 6.2 | Low |
| Small intestine | 5.4 | Low |
| Colon | 4.8 | Low |
| Thymus | 3.9 | Low |
| Blood | 2.1 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Jurkat (T-cell leukemia) | 18.2 | High expression; used as model for CXCR3 signaling |
| K-562 (chronic myeloid leukemia) | 0.5 | Very low expression |
| HEK 293 (embryonic kidney) | 0.3 | Very low expression; often used for transfection |
| MCF7 (breast cancer) | 1.2 | Low expression |
| A549 (lung carcinoma) | 0.8 | Low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.101C>T (p.Thr34Met) | Missense | <0.1% | Unknown; rare variant in population databases |
| c.454G>A (p.Val152Ile) | Missense | <0.1% | Unknown; reported in ClinVar as uncertain significance |
| c.832C>T (p.Arg278Cys) | Missense | <0.1% | Unknown; potential impact on ligand binding |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No well-characterized loss-of-function mutations reported in major databases.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No well-characterized gain-of-function mutations reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations described.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • G protein-coupled receptor activity | • C-X-C chemokine receptor activity |
| • chemokine binding | • cell surface receptor signaling pathway |
| • chemokine-mediated signaling pathway | • positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration |
| • cell chemotaxis | • immune response |
| • inflammatory response | • lymphocyte chemotaxis |
Pathways
• Chemokine signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04062)
• Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (KEGG: hsa04060)
• T cell receptor signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04660)
• Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity (KEGG: hsa04650)
Protein Summary
CXCR3 is a 368-amino-acid G protein-coupled receptor with seven transmembrane domains. It is encoded by the CXCR3 gene on chromosome Xq13.1. The receptor binds with high affinity to CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11, leading to activation of Gi/o proteins, calcium mobilization, and chemotaxis. CXCR3 is expressed on activated T cells (especially Th1 and CD8+), NK cells, and some dendritic cells. It is involved in T cell homing to inflamed tissues and has both pro- and anti-tumor roles depending on context.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CXCR3 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ4764 | Human | 2833 | Details Get a Quote |
| CXCR3 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ53388 | Human | 2833 | Details Get a Quote |
| CXCR3 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ61866 | Human | 2833 | Details Get a Quote |
| CXCR3 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ70348 | Human | 2833 | Details Get a Quote |
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