CNR2: Cannabinoid Receptor 2
A key GPCR in immune modulation and endocannabinoid signaling
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | CNR2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | cannabinoid receptor 2 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 1p36.11 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 1269 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/1269 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000188822 |
| UniProt ID | P34972 |
| OMIM ID | 600036 |
| HGNC ID | 2159 |
| Aliases | CB2, CB-2, CX5 |
Description
The CNR2 gene encodes cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) primarily expressed in immune cells. It is a key component of the endocannabinoid system, mediating anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. CB2 is activated by endogenous cannabinoids (e.g., 2-arachidonoylglycerol) and exogenous ligands such as THC. It plays roles in pain, inflammation, bone metabolism, and immune surveillance.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Osteoporosis | CB2 activation regulates osteoclast and osteoblast activity; CNR2 variants may alter bone density | OMIM #600036; PMID: 16959963 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | CB2 modulates intestinal inflammation via immune cell signaling | ClinVar; PMID: 20628055 |
| Chronic Pain | CB2 expressed in immune cells and microglia; activation reduces neuropathic pain | NCBI Gene; PMID: 19041763 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | CB2 upregulation in CNS immune cells; potential therapeutic target | OMIM; PMID: 21593741 |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma | CB2 expression altered in liver cancer; may influence tumor growth | COSMIC; PMID: 23300000 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Spleen | 12.5 | High |
| Whole Blood | 8.3 | Medium |
| Lung | 6.1 | Medium |
| Bone Marrow | 15.2 | High |
| Brain | 0.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| THP-1 (monocyte) | 18.4 | High expression; used in immune studies |
| Jurkat (T-cell) | 9.7 | Moderate expression |
| HEK293 | 0.3 | Low endogenous expression; often used for transfection |
| K562 (erythroleukemia) | 5.2 | Moderate expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.245C>T (p.Pro82Leu) | Missense | 0.01% (gnomAD) | Reduced ligand binding affinity; ClinVar VUS |
| c.337G>A (p.Gly113Ser) | Missense | 0.005% | Altered receptor signaling; reported in immune disorders |
| c.488A>G (p.Asn163Ser) | Missense | 0.02% | Unknown functional effect; rare population variant |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
p.Pro82Leu reduces CB2-mediated cAMP inhibition, impairing immune signaling.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported in CNR2.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative variants described for CNR2.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • G protein-coupled receptor activity (GO:0004930) | • cannabinoid receptor activity (GO:0004949) |
| • immune response (GO:0006955) | • inflammatory response (GO:0006954) |
| • adenylate cyclase inhibition (GO:0007193) |
Pathways
• Endocannabinoid signaling (KEGG: hsa04723)
• Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction (KEGG: hsa04080)
• GPCR downstream signaling (Reactome: R-HSA-388396)
Protein Summary
Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) is a 360-amino acid integral membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains. It couples primarily to Gi/o proteins, inhibiting adenylyl cyclase and modulating MAPK and PI3K pathways. CB2 is predominantly expressed in immune tissues (spleen, tonsils, bone marrow) and peripheral blood leukocytes. It mediates anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects and is a target for therapeutic development in pain, inflammation, and immune disorders.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CNR2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ4307 | Human | 1269 | Details Get a Quote |
| CNR2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ52945 | Human | 1269 | Details Get a Quote |
| CNR2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ61412 | Human | 1269 | Details Get a Quote |
| CNR2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ69907 | Human | 1269 | Details Get a Quote |
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