CNR1: Cannabinoid Receptor 1
A key mediator of endocannabinoid signaling in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | CNR1 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Cannabinoid Receptor 1 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 6q15 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 1268 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/1268 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000118432 |
| UniProt ID | P21554 |
| OMIM ID | 114610 |
| HGNC ID | 2159 |
| Aliases | CB1, CB-R, CANN6, CNR |
Description
The CNR1 gene encodes cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), a G protein-coupled receptor that mediates the effects of endocannabinoids and phytocannabinoids. CB1 is predominantly expressed in the central nervous system, where it modulates neurotransmitter release, and is also found in peripheral tissues. It plays critical roles in pain perception, appetite, mood, memory, and neuroprotection.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Obesity | CNR1 polymorphisms influence energy balance and appetite regulation via endocannabinoid signaling | NCBI Gene, OMIM |
| Substance Use Disorders | Variants in CNR1 are associated with altered reward processing and addiction vulnerability | NCBI Gene, ClinVar |
| Schizophrenia | CNR1 expression changes and genetic variants linked to dopamine-glutamate imbalance | OMIM, NCBI Gene |
| Chronic Pain | CB1 receptor dysfunction contributes to pain sensitization and neuropathic pain | NCBI Gene, UniProt |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain | 42.3 | High |
| Spinal Cord | 18.7 | Medium |
| Adipose Tissue | 5.2 | Low |
| Liver | 1.8 | Not detected |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| SH-SY5Y | 35.1 | Neuronal cell line |
| HEK293 | 2.4 | Low endogenous expression |
| U87 MG | 8.7 | Glioblastoma cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| rs1049353 | SNP (missense) | 0.25 (global) | Alters receptor binding affinity |
| rs806368 | SNP (intronic) | 0.15 | Associated with altered CNR1 expression |
| rs2023239 | SNP (synonymous) | 0.10 | Linked to substance dependence |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Rare nonsense mutations (e.g., p.Trp356*) reduce receptor expression and signaling, linked to metabolic dysregulation.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well characterized; some missense variants (e.g., p.Thr453Ile) may enhance constitutive activity.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No confirmed dominant-negative mutations reported in CNR1.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • G protein-coupled receptor activity | • cannabinoid receptor activity |
| • adenylate cyclase inhibition | • synaptic transmission |
| • neurotransmitter release regulation | • response to lipid |
Pathways
• Endocannabinoid signaling
• GPCR downstream signaling
• cAMP signaling pathway
• Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
Protein Summary
Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) is a 472-amino acid integral membrane protein with seven transmembrane domains. It couples primarily to Gi/o proteins, inhibiting adenylyl cyclase and modulating ion channels. CB1 is activated by endogenous ligands such as anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, as well as exogenous cannabinoids like THC. It is a major drug target for pain, appetite disorders, and neurological conditions.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CNR1 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1315 | Human | 1268 | Details Get a Quote |
| SUCNR1 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1796 | Human | 56670 | Details Get a Quote |
| SUCNR1 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ17950 | Human | 56670 | Details Get a Quote |
| CNR1 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ20740 | Human | 1268 | Details Get a Quote |
| SUCNR1 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ56749 | Human | 56670 | Details Get a Quote |
| CNR1 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ61411 | Human | 1268 | Details Get a Quote |
| SUCNR1 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ65252 | Human | 56670 | Details Get a Quote |
| CNR1 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ69906 | Human | 1268 | Details Get a Quote |
| CNR1 Knockout U251 MG Cell Line | EDC07679 | Human | 1268 | Details Get a Quote |
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