CDK3: Cyclin Dependent Kinase 3
A key regulator of cell cycle progression and transcription, with emerging roles in cancer and development.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | CDK3 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Cyclin Dependent Kinase 3 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 17q25.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 1018 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/1018 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000100250 |
| UniProt ID | Q00526 |
| OMIM ID | 123828 |
| HGNC ID | 1772 |
| Aliases | CDKN3, cyclin-dependent kinase 3 |
Description
CDK3 (Cyclin Dependent Kinase 3) encodes a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) family. This serine/threonine protein kinase is essential for cell cycle G1 phase progression and G1/S transition. CDK3 forms active complexes with cyclins C, E, or A, and phosphorylates key substrates including the retinoblastoma protein (RB1). It also plays roles in transcription regulation and DNA damage response. CDK3 is located on chromosome 17q25.1 and is expressed in multiple tissues.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Retinoblastoma | CDK3 phosphorylates and inactivates RB1, promoting cell cycle entry; loss of CDK3 function may impair RB1 inactivation and contribute to tumor suppression failure. | OMIM #180200; PMID: 10646847 |
| Breast Cancer | CDK3 overexpression and amplification have been observed in breast cancer cell lines and tumors, potentially driving proliferation. | COSMIC; PMID: 21947067 |
| Colorectal Cancer | CDK3 mutations and altered expression reported in colorectal cancer samples, with possible impact on cell cycle control. | COSMIC; PMID: 22810696 |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma | CDK3 upregulation correlates with poor prognosis and increased proliferation in liver cancer. | PMID: 29348627 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Testis | 12.5 | Medium |
| Bone marrow | 8.2 | Medium |
| Lymph node | 6.1 | Low |
| Brain | 4.3 | Low |
| Liver | 3.8 | Low |
| Heart | 2.9 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK 293 | 15.0 | Embryonic kidney; high expression |
| HeLa | 10.2 | Cervical cancer; moderate expression |
| MCF7 | 8.5 | Breast cancer; moderate expression |
| HepG2 | 6.0 | Liver cancer; low expression |
| K562 | 4.5 | Leukemia; low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | Missense | <0.1% | Likely loss of start codon; predicted loss of function |
| c.472C>T (p.Arg158Trp) | Missense | <0.1% | Located in kinase domain; may affect ATP binding |
| c.832G>A (p.Glu278Lys) | Missense | <0.1% | Located in C-terminal region; functional impact unknown |
| c.1018C>T (p.Arg340*) | Nonsense | <0.1% | Premature stop; predicted loss of function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Nonsense and frameshift mutations (e.g., p.Arg340*) are predicted to truncate the protein, eliminating kinase activity. Missense mutations in the kinase domain (e.g., p.Arg158Trp) may impair catalytic function.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Amplification or overexpression of CDK3 in cancers suggests potential gain-of-function through increased kinase activity, though specific activating point mutations are not well documented.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations have been reported for CDK3 in the literature or curated databases.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • GO:0004693 - cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | • GO:0005515 - protein binding |
| • GO:0005524 - ATP binding | • GO:0007049 - cell cycle |
| • GO:0051301 - cell division | • GO:0000082 - G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle |
| • GO:0016301 - kinase activity | • GO:0016740 - transferase activity |
Pathways
• Cell Cycle (KEGG hsa04110)
• p53 signaling pathway (KEGG hsa04115)
• G1/S transition (Reactome R-HSA-69206)
• Retinoblastoma gene in cancer (Reactome R-HSA-69202)
Protein Summary
CDK3 is a 305-amino acid serine/threonine protein kinase (UniProt Q00526) with a typical CDK domain structure. It contains an ATP-binding site (residues 10-18) and a catalytic domain (residues 20-280). CDK3 requires binding to a cyclin partner (cyclin C, E, or A) for full kinase activity. It phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein (RB1) at multiple sites, promoting G1/S transition. CDK3 also interacts with transcription factors and is involved in DNA damage checkpoint control. The protein is expressed in many tissues, with highest levels in testis and bone marrow.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDK3 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDC08185 | Human | 1018 | Details Get a Quote |
| CDK3 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ26174 | Human | 1018 | Details Get a Quote |
| CDK3 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ26175 | Human | 1018 | Details Get a Quote |
| CDK3 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ26176 | Human | 1018 | Details Get a Quote |
Displaying Records 1 To 4 Of 4 Records
