CDK16: Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 16
A PCTAIRE protein kinase involved in cell cycle regulation, neuronal function, and spermatogenesis.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | CDK16 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 16 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | Xp11.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 5127 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/5127 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000101558 |
| UniProt ID | Q00536 |
| OMIM ID | 300212 |
| HGNC ID | 8751 |
| Aliases | PCTAIRE1, PCTK1, PCTAIRE-1, PCTGAIRE |
Description
CDK16 (cyclin-dependent kinase 16) encodes a member of the PCTAIRE subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. The protein is widely expressed, with highest levels in brain and testis. It plays roles in cell cycle progression, neuronal differentiation, vesicle transport, and spermatogenesis. CDK16 requires binding to cyclin Y (CCNY) for activation. Mutations and altered expression have been implicated in cancer and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Breast cancer | Overexpression of CDK16 promotes cell proliferation and migration; acts as an oncogenic kinase in breast cancer cell lines. | PMID: 28431213 |
| Prostate cancer | CDK16 is upregulated and associated with poor prognosis; knockdown reduces tumor growth in xenograft models. | PMID: 29367600 |
| Lung cancer | CDK16 overexpression correlates with advanced stage and metastasis; regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition. | PMID: 31073087 |
| Neurodevelopmental disorders | De novo missense variants in CDK16 identified in patients with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. | ClinVar: RCV000626015 |
| Male infertility | Cdk16 knockout mice show defective spermatogenesis and reduced sperm motility; human relevance suggested by expression studies. | PMID: 21880738 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Testis | 38.5 | High |
| Brain (cerebral cortex) | 22.1 | Medium |
| Heart | 12.3 | Medium |
| Liver | 4.2 | Low |
| Kidney | 6.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HEK293 | 18.5 | Embryonic kidney; moderate expression |
| SH-SY5Y | 25.3 | Neuroblastoma; high expression |
| MCF7 | 15.2 | Breast cancer; moderate expression |
| A549 | 12.1 | Lung cancer; moderate expression |
| HepG2 | 8.4 | Hepatocellular carcinoma; low expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.101C>T (p.Thr34Met) | Missense | 0.001% (gnomAD) | Reduced kinase activity; associated with intellectual disability |
| c.497G>A (p.Arg166Gln) | Missense | 0.002% (gnomAD) | Impaired cyclin Y binding; loss of function |
| c.1120A>G (p.Asn374Asp) | Missense | 0.0005% (gnomAD) | Unknown; reported in autism spectrum disorder |
| Amplification (Xp11.3) | Copy number gain | Variable in tumors | Overexpression in breast and lung cancers |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Missense variants (e.g., Thr34Met, Arg166Gln) that reduce kinase activity or disrupt cyclin Y binding are classified as loss-of-function.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Gene amplification and overexpression in cancers suggest a gain-of-function oncogenic role, though no activating point mutations have been confirmed.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations have been reported for CDK16.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • GO:0004693 ~ cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity | • GO:0005515 ~ protein binding |
| • GO:0006468 ~ protein phosphorylation | • GO:0007049 ~ cell cycle |
| • GO:0007283 ~ spermatogenesis | • GO:0007399 ~ nervous system development |
| • GO:0019901 ~ protein kinase binding | • GO:0030154 ~ cell differentiation |
| • GO:0048471 ~ perinuclear region of cytoplasm | • GO:0051301 ~ cell division |
Pathways
• Cell Cycle (Reactome: R-HSA-1640170)
• Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (Reactome: R-HSA-9006934)
• Cyclin Y/CDK16-mediated vesicle transport (PMID: 21880738)
Protein Summary
CDK16 (PCTAIRE1) is a 496-amino acid serine/threonine kinase with an N-terminal PCTAIRE domain and a C-terminal kinase domain. It is activated by binding to cyclin Y (CCNY) and localizes to the cytoplasm and perinuclear region. The protein regulates cell cycle progression, neuronal migration, and spermatid maturation. Post-translational modifications include phosphorylation at Thr-153 and Ser-154, which modulate kinase activity. Structural studies show a typical kinase fold with an extended activation loop.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDK16 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ2177 | Human | 5127 | Details Get a Quote |
| CDK16 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ23758 | Human | 5127 | Details Get a Quote |
| CDK16 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ23759 | Human | 5127 | Details Get a Quote |
| CDK16 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ23760 | Human | 5127 | Details Get a Quote |
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