CD72
CD72 Molecule, a B-cell differentiation antigen and immune checkpoint regulator
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | CD72 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | CD72 molecule |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 9p13.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 971 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/971 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000137101 |
| UniProt ID | P21854 |
| OMIM ID | 107270 |
| HGNC ID | 1696 |
| Aliases | Lyb-2, LYB2, B-cell differentiation antigen CD72, CD72b |
Description
CD72 is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein expressed primarily on B cells and to a lesser extent on dendritic cells and macrophages. It functions as a co-receptor in B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, modulating B-cell activation and differentiation. CD72 binds to the B-cell receptor complex and interacts with CD100 (SEMA4D) to regulate immune responses. It is involved in B-cell development, autoimmunity, and hematologic malignancies.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) | CD72 polymorphisms associated with altered B-cell tolerance and autoantibody production | GWAS and case-control studies (PMID: 23291587) |
| B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) | CD72 overexpression on malignant B cells contributes to defective BCR signaling and immune evasion | Flow cytometry and transcriptomic analysis (PMID: 15657176) |
| Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) | CD72 expression correlates with tumor microenvironment and prognosis | Immunohistochemistry and gene expression profiling (PMID: 28490519) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | CD72-mediated B-cell hyperreactivity and autoantibody production | Association studies and functional assays (PMID: 21593344) |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Spleen | 58.2 | High |
| Lymph node | 45.1 | High |
| Bone marrow | 32.7 | Medium |
| Blood (B cells) | 28.5 | Medium |
| Tonsil | 41.3 | High |
| Appendix | 22.4 | Medium |
| Lung | 5.8 | Low |
| Small intestine | 4.2 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Raji (Burkitt lymphoma) | 62.1 | B-cell line, high CD72 expression |
| Daudi (Burkitt lymphoma) | 55.4 | B-cell line, high CD72 expression |
| RPMI-8226 (multiple myeloma) | 12.3 | Plasma cell line, moderate expression |
| K-562 (chronic myelogenous leukemia) | 1.2 | Non-B lineage, very low expression |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 0.5 | Non-hematopoietic, negligible expression |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.442C>T (p.Arg148Trp) | Missense | <0.01% | Alters extracellular domain; potential impact on CD100 binding |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1Val) | Start loss | <0.01% | Loss of translation initiation; likely loss of function |
| c.763_764insA (p.Thr255AsnfsTer12) | Frameshift | <0.01% | Premature truncation; loss of cytoplasmic signaling domain |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Frameshift and start-loss mutations predicted to abolish CD72 protein expression or disrupt transmembrane/cytoplasmic domains, impairing BCR co-receptor function.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported in CD72.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No evidence of dominant-negative effects; CD72 functions as a homodimer, but no dominant-negative variants described.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
Pathways
• B cell receptor signaling pathway (Reactome: R-HSA-983705)
• CD72-mediated regulation of B-cell activation (KEGG: hsa04662)
• Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell (Reactome: R-HSA-198933)
Protein Summary
CD72 is a 359-amino-acid type II transmembrane protein with a short N-terminal cytoplasmic tail containing ITIM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif) and a C-terminal extracellular C-type lectin-like domain. It forms homodimers on the B-cell surface and negatively regulates BCR signaling by recruiting phosphatases such as SHP-1. Upon binding to its ligand CD100 (SEMA4D), the inhibitory signal is relieved, promoting B-cell activation and proliferation. CD72 is also implicated in T-cell costimulation and dendritic cell function.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CD72 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ938 | Human | 971 | Details Get a Quote |
| CD72 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ52847 | Human | 971 | Details Get a Quote |
| CD72 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ61314 | Human | 971 | Details Get a Quote |
| CD72 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ69809 | Human | 971 | Details Get a Quote |
