CCL16: Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 16
A small cytokine involved in immune regulation and chemotaxis
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | CCL16 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16 |
| Gene Type | Protein coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 17q12 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 6360 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/6360 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000161573 |
| UniProt ID | O15467 |
| OMIM ID | 601394 |
| HGNC ID | 10620 |
| Aliases | HCC-4, LEC, NCC-4, SCYA16, MGC117255 |
Description
CCL16 (C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 16) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. It is primarily expressed in the liver, thymus, and spleen, and functions as a chemoattractant for monocytes, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells. CCL16 binds to chemokine receptors such as CCR1, CCR2, CCR5, and CCR8, playing a role in immune surveillance and inflammation. It is also known as HCC-4 (Hemofiltrate CC Chemokine 4) and LEC (Liver-Expressed Chemokine).
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | CCL16 may promote tumor growth and metastasis through recruitment of immunosuppressive cells; altered expression observed in liver cancer | PMID: 23454750 |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | Elevated CCL16 levels in colonic mucosa correlate with disease activity and macrophage infiltration | PMID: 25687154 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | CCL16 is upregulated in synovial fluid and may contribute to joint inflammation via monocyte recruitment | PMID: 19635856 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Liver | 12.5 | High |
| Thymus | 8.3 | Medium |
| Spleen | 6.1 | Medium |
| Lung | 2.4 | Low |
| Kidney | 1.8 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HepG2 | 15.2 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line |
| THP-1 | 4.7 | Monocytic leukemia cell line |
| Jurkat | 1.3 | T-cell leukemia cell line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.101C>T (p.Thr34Met) | Missense | <0.01% | Unknown functional impact |
| c.205G>A (p.Gly69Ser) | Missense | <0.01% | Reported in COSMIC as somatic in colorectal cancer |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
No confirmed loss-of-function mutations reported in ClinVar or COSMIC.
Gain of Function (GOF)
No confirmed gain-of-function mutations reported.
Dominant Negative (DN)
No dominant-negative mutations described.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • chemokine activity | • CCR1 chemokine receptor binding |
| • CCR2 chemokine receptor binding | • CCR5 chemokine receptor binding |
| • CCR8 chemokine receptor binding | • extracellular space |
| • inflammatory response | • immune response |
| • chemotaxis | • positive regulation of cell migration |
Pathways
• Chemokine signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04062)
• Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (KEGG: hsa04060)
• Toll-like receptor signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04620)
Protein Summary
CCL16 is a 120-amino-acid secreted chemokine with a typical CC motif. It is synthesized as a precursor with a 23-amino-acid signal peptide. The mature protein (97 amino acids) contains four conserved cysteine residues forming two disulfide bonds. CCL16 is highly expressed in the liver and has been implicated in hepatic inflammation and cancer. It exhibits chemotactic activity for monocytes, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells, and can also induce angiogenesis under certain conditions.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CCL16 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ5731 | Human | 6360 | Details Get a Quote |
| CCL16 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ54422 | Human | 6360 | Details Get a Quote |
| CCL16 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ62911 | Human | 6360 | Details Get a Quote |
| CCL16 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71379 | Human | 6360 | Details Get a Quote |
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