AURKB (Aurora Kinase B)
Chromosomal Passenger Protein and Mitotic Regulator
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | AURKB |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Aurora Kinase B |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 17p13.1 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 9212 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/9212 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000178999 |
| UniProt ID | Q96GD4 |
| OMIM ID | 604970 |
| HGNC ID | 11390 |
| Aliases | Aurora-B, AIM-1, ARK2, STK12, STK5 |
Description
AURKB encodes Aurora kinase B, a serine/threonine kinase that is a key component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC). It regulates chromosome segregation, cytokinesis, and mitotic spindle assembly. Overexpression and mutations are linked to aneuploidy and various cancers.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Colorectal Cancer | AURKB overexpression leads to chromosomal instability and aneuploidy | PMID: 15607980 |
| Breast Cancer | Amplification and high expression correlate with poor prognosis | PMID: 16951146 |
| Acute Myeloid Leukemia | AURKB mutations (e.g., R159H) disrupt kinase activity and mitotic checkpoint | PMID: 19164597 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Testis | 12.5 | High |
| Bone Marrow | 8.2 | Medium |
| Lymph Node | 6.7 | Medium |
| Brain | 1.2 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HeLa | 15.3 | High expression in cervical cancer line |
| MCF7 | 9.8 | Moderate expression in breast cancer line |
| K562 | 11.4 | High expression in leukemia line |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R159H | Missense | <1% | Reduced kinase activity, dominant-negative effect |
| G160E | Missense | <1% | Impaired CPC localization |
| E177K | Missense | <1% | Loss of function, mitotic defects |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
R159H and E177K reduce or abolish kinase activity, impairing mitotic progression.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not well-documented; overexpression is more common than activating mutations.
Dominant Negative (DN)
R159H acts as dominant-negative by disrupting CPC function.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • protein kinase activity (GO:0004672) | • ATP binding (GO:0005524) |
| • cell division (GO:0051301) | • chromosome segregation (GO:0007059) |
| • regulation of cytokinesis (GO:0032465) |
Pathways
• Aurora B signaling (Reactome R-HSA-174178)
• Cell Cycle
• Mitotic (Reactome R-HSA-69278)
• Chromosomal Passenger Complex (CPC) (Reactome R-HSA-2467813)
Protein Summary
Aurora kinase B is a 344-amino acid serine/threonine kinase localized to the inner centromere during mitosis. It phosphorylates histone H3 (Ser10) and other substrates to ensure proper chromosome condensation, spindle checkpoint activation, and cytokinesis. Its activity is tightly regulated by the CPC components INCENP, survivin, and borealin.
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