ZFP36
ZFP36 RNA-binding protein involved in mRNA decay and inflammatory regulation
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | ZFP36 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | ZFP36 ring finger protein-like |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 19q13.2 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 7538 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7538 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000105618 |
| UniProt ID | P26651 |
| OMIM ID | 601860 |
| HGNC ID | 12862 |
| Aliases | TTP, G0S24, NUP475, TIS11, ZFP-36 |
Description
ZFP36 encodes tristetraprolin (TTP), a zinc finger RNA-binding protein that promotes the decay of mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) in their 3' untranslated regions. It plays a critical role in post-transcriptional regulation of inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF, IL-6, GM-CSF) and is implicated in immune homeostasis, cancer, and metabolic disorders.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Rheumatoid arthritis | Reduced ZFP36 expression leads to increased TNF mRNA stability and chronic inflammation | PMID: 15030775 |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | ZFP36 polymorphisms associated with altered cytokine regulation | PMID: 21593742 |
| Colorectal cancer | Loss of ZFP36 expression correlates with increased COX-2 and VEGF mRNA stability, promoting tumorigenesis | PMID: 19029980 |
| Breast cancer | ZFP36 downregulation linked to enhanced metastasis and poor prognosis | PMID: 23382210 |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Lymph node | 12.5 | Medium |
| Spleen | 10.8 | Medium |
| Bone marrow | 8.2 | Low |
| Lung | 6.1 | Low |
| Liver | 4.3 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| HeLa | 15.2 | High expression |
| THP-1 | 18.7 | Induced by LPS |
| Jurkat | 9.5 | Moderate |
| MCF-7 | 3.1 | Low |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.304C>T (p.Arg102*) | Nonsense | <0.01% | Loss of function; truncated protein |
| c.487G>A (p.Gly163Arg) | Missense | <0.01% | Reduced RNA-binding affinity |
| c.1A>G (p.Met1?) | Start loss | <0.01% | No protein expression |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Nonsense and frameshift mutations that truncate the zinc finger domain abolish ARE-mRNA binding and decay activity.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Not reported in ZFP36.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Missense mutations in the zinc finger domain may interfere with wild-type protein function, but evidence is limited.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • mRNA catabolic process (GO:0006402) | • AU-rich element binding (GO:0017091) |
| • zinc ion binding (GO:0008270) | • regulation of tumor necrosis factor production (GO:0032680) |
| • nucleus (GO:0005634) | • cytoplasm (GO:0005737) |
Pathways
• Tristetraprolin (TTP) in mRNA decay (Reactome: R-HSA-450531)
• TNF signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04668)
• IL-6 signaling pathway (KEGG: hsa04630)
Protein Summary
Tristetraprolin (TTP) is a 326-amino-acid protein containing two CCCH-type zinc finger domains that bind AREs in target mRNAs. It recruits deadenylase complexes and exosomes to promote mRNA decay. TTP is rapidly induced by mitogens and inflammatory stimuli and acts as a negative feedback regulator of cytokine expression. Phosphorylation by p38 MAPK and MK2 reduces its activity, allowing transient cytokine production.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZFP36 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1014 | Human | 7538 | Details Get a Quote |
| ZFP36L2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ2957 | Human | 678 | Details Get a Quote |
| ZFP36L1 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ4146 | Human | 677 | Details Get a Quote |
| ZFP36 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ20083 | Human | 7538 | Details Get a Quote |
| ZFP36 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ20084 | Human | 7538 | Details Get a Quote |
| ZFP36L2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ24099 | Human | 678 | Details Get a Quote |
| ZFP36L2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ24100 | Human | 678 | Details Get a Quote |
| ZFP36 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ18756 | Human | 7538 | Details Get a Quote |
| ZFP36L2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ22726 | Human | 678 | Details Get a Quote |
| ZFP36L1 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ26579 | Human | 677 | Details Get a Quote |
| ZFP36L1 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ26580 | Human | 677 | Details Get a Quote |
| ZFP36L1 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ26581 | Human | 677 | Details Get a Quote |
| ZFP36L1 Knockout MAC-T Cell Line | EDC07931 | Bovine | 614773 | Details Get a Quote |
