VIPR2 Gene: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Receptor 2
A G-protein coupled receptor for VIP and PACAP, implicated in neurodevelopment, circadian rhythm, and psychiatric disorders.
Gene Information Card
| Symbol | VIPR2 |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Receptor 2 |
| Gene Type | protein-coding |
| Chromosomal Location | 7q36.3 |
| NCBI Gene ID | 7434 ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/7434 |
| Ensembl ID | ENSG00000106052 |
| UniProt ID | P41587 |
| OMIM ID | 601970 |
| HGNC ID | 12695 |
| Aliases | VPAC2, VIP-R2, PACAP-R3 |
Description
VIPR2 encodes the vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (VPAC2), a G-protein coupled receptor that binds vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP). It is widely expressed in the brain, immune system, and peripheral tissues, and plays key roles in circadian rhythm regulation, neurodevelopment, smooth muscle relaxation, and immune modulation. Genetic variants in VIPR2 have been associated with schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders.
Disease Associations
| Disease category | Pathophysiological mechanism | Genomic evidence |
|---|---|---|
| Schizophrenia | Copy number variants (duplications) increase VIPR2 expression, leading to elevated cAMP signaling and altered neuronal development. | ClinVar, OMIM |
| Autism Spectrum Disorder | Rare VIPR2 variants may disrupt VIP/PACAP signaling, affecting synaptic plasticity and social behavior. | ClinVar, NCBI |
| Circadian Rhythm Disorders | VIPR2 mediates VIP signaling in the suprachiasmatic nucleus; mutations can disrupt sleep-wake cycles. | OMIM, NCBI |
Expression Profile
Tissue Expression
| Tissue | nTPM | level |
|---|---|---|
| Brain (cerebral cortex) | 12.5 | Medium |
| Brain (suprachiasmatic nucleus) | 18.3 | High |
| Lung | 8.2 | Low |
| Small intestine | 15.1 | Medium |
| Spleen | 6.7 | Low |
| Testis | 9.4 | Low |
Cell Line Expression
| Cell Line | nTPM | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma) | 14.2 | Neuronal model |
| HEK293 (embryonic kidney) | 3.1 | Low endogenous expression |
| Jurkat (T-cell leukemia) | 7.8 | Immune cell model |
Data source：Human Protein Atlas（proteinatlas.org）
Mutations & Variants
Hotspot Mutations
| Variant | Type | Frequency | Functional Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| c.1036C>T (p.Arg346Cys) | Missense | Rare | Reduced receptor activation; associated with autism |
| c.1193G>A (p.Arg398Gln) | Missense | Rare | Altered ligand binding; reported in schizophrenia |
| 7q36.3 duplication (including VIPR2) | Copy number gain | 0.2% in schizophrenia cohorts | Increased VIPR2 expression; gain-of-function |
Mutation functional classification
Loss of Function (LOF)
Rare missense variants (e.g., p.Arg346Cys) that reduce cAMP signaling or receptor trafficking.
Gain of Function (GOF)
Chromosomal duplications at 7q36.3 leading to increased VIPR2 mRNA and protein levels, enhancing VIP/PACAP signaling.
Dominant Negative (DN)
Not reported for VIPR2.
View complete mutation data：
Gene Ontology (GO)
| • G protein-coupled receptor activity | • vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor activity |
| • adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | • positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling |
| • circadian rhythm | • neuron projection development |
| • smooth muscle relaxation |
Pathways
• VIP/PACAP signaling pathway
• GPCR downstream signaling (cAMP/PKA)
• Circadian entrainment
Protein Summary
The VIPR2 protein (VPAC2) is a 438-amino acid G-protein coupled receptor with seven transmembrane domains. It preferentially couples to Gαs, activating adenylate cyclase and increasing intracellular cAMP. VPAC2 is critical for circadian rhythm regulation in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, neurodevelopment, and immune function. Structural studies reveal a conserved ligand-binding pocket for VIP and PACAP.
Related Services
Related Products
| Product name | Cat.No. | Species | Gene ID | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VIPR2 Knockout HEK293 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ1770 | Human | 7434 | Details Get a Quote |
| VIPR2 Knockout HeLa Cell Line | EDJ-KQ21641 | Human | 7434 | Details Get a Quote |
| VIPR2 Knockout A-549 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ63234 | Human | 7434 | Details Get a Quote |
| VIPR2 Knockout HCT 116 Cell Line | EDJ-KQ71698 | Human | 7434 | Details Get a Quote |
Displaying Records 1 To 4 Of 4 Records
