TSC22D3 Gene - GILZ: Function, Expression, and Disease Associations

TSC22D3 (TSC22 domain family member 3), commonly known as GILZ (glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper), is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome Xq22.3. It encodes a leucine zipper protein that is rapidly induced by glucocorticoids and acts as a key mediator of their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. GILZ functions by binding to and inhibiting NF-κB and AP-1 transcription factors, thereby modulating cytokine production and apoptosis. The gene is also involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival, with implications in cancer, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory disorders.

Tissue Expression

Cell Line Expression

Hotspot Mutations

Mutation functional classification

• Glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway

• NF-kappa B signaling pathway

• Apoptosis signaling pathway

The TSC22D3 protein (GILZ) is a 137-amino acid leucine zipper protein that localizes to both the nucleus and cytoplasm. It contains a TSC22 domain and a leucine zipper motif. GILZ is rapidly induced by glucocorticoids and mediates their anti-inflammatory effects by directly binding to NF-κB and AP-1, inhibiting their transcriptional activity. It also modulates apoptosis, cell cycle, and differentiation. Post-translational modifications include phosphorylation and ubiquitination, which regulate its stability and function.